1. Module 10: Operant & Cognitive Approaches
Introduction to Psychology
Virginia Union University
Monday October, 3, 2011
Module 10: Operant & Cognitive Approaches

2. Classical Conditioning Recap
A kind of learning in which a neutral stimulus (NS) acquires the ability to produce a response that was originally produced by a different stimulus
Pavlov & his salivating dogs
Selecting Stimulus & Response
Before conditioning: Neutral Stimulus/NS (bell) = Neutral Response/NR (no salivation)
Establishing Classical Conditioning
During conditioning: Neutral Stimulus/NS (bell) + Unconditioned Stimulus/UCS (food) = Unconditioned Response/UCR (salivating dog)
Testing for Conditioning
After conditioning: Conditioned Stimulus/CS (bell) = Conditioned Response/CR (salivating dog)
Balloon demonstration

3. Other Examples of Classical Conditioning
Balloon Demonstration (fill in the blanks)
Selecting Stimulus & Response
Before conditioning: NS () = NR ()
Establishing Classical Conditioning
During conditioning: NS () + UCS () = UCR ()
Testing for Conditioning
After conditioning: CS () = CR ()

4. Other Examples of Classical Conditioning
Balloon Demonstration
Selecting Stimulus & Response
Before conditioning: NS (counting to 3) = NR (no response)
Establishing Classical Conditioning
During conditioning: NS (counting to 3) + UCS (balloon popping) = UCR (jumping/bracing for the balloon pop)
Testing for Conditioning
After conditioning: CS (counting to 3) = CR (jumping/bracing for the balloon pop)
Other Classical Conditioning Examples?

5. Operant Conditioning Operant Conditioning
Also called instrumental conditioning, is a kind of learning in which an animal or human performs some behavior, and the following consequence (reward or punishment) increases or decreases the chance that an animal or human will again perform that same behavior.
Behavior being repeated depends on whether the consequence of that behavior is a reward, or a punishment

6. Operant Conditioning Reinforcement Punishment
A consequence that occurs after a behavior and increases the chance that the behavior will occur again
Examples: $$ for good grades, praise for performing well in a game
Other Examples:
Punishment
A consequence that occurs after a behavior and decreases the chance that the behavior will occur again
Examples: expulsion for misbehaving in school, paying fines & fees for speeding

7. Operant Conditioning
Krispy Kremes Example
Reinforcement:
Punishment:

8. Operant Conditioning Krispy Kremes Example
Reinforcement: arriving to class on time or early – receive a donut
Punishment: arriving to class late – no donuts

9. There will be NO class on Wednesday October 5, 2011
Instead, you are expected to use that class time to complete an assignment that is due in my inbox by 9am on Wednesday October 5th, They will not be accepted late.
Provide 2 examples each of classical conditioning, reinforcement and punishment (which means that you should be submitting 6 examples total, 2 for classical conditioning, 2 for reinforcement and 2 for punishment)
Use the classical conditioning equation described in class to identify the NS, NR, UCS, UCR, CS and CR for each of your classical conditioning examples.
If you have any questions about this assignment, please or call me.