1. Becoming an Industrial Society
Goal 5
Becoming an Industrial Society

2. Goal 5.01
Evaluate the influence of immigration and the rapid industrialization of urban life

3. Rise of Immigration 1870-1920 Old Immigrants
Before 1890 most immigrants came from western and northern Europe
Immigrants from Britain, Germany, Ireland and Scandinavia
Culture similar to that of Americans
New Immigrants
After 1890 they came from southern and eastern Europe
Immigrants came from Asia, Russia, Italy and Japan, the West Indies and Mexico
Their language and culture (especially religion) were different

4. First Major Immigration Legislation in US History
Chinese Exclusion Act – 1882
Prohibited further immigration by Chinese laborers (excluded some professionals)

7. Tape v Hurley – Segregated schools – separate but equal
US v Wong Kim Ark – born on US soil to Chinese immigrants and denied re-entry to US, is he a citizen? – YES!

8. Gentleman’s Agreement
US and Japan
Teddy Roosevelt agreed to get Cali schools to stop discrimination (segregation)
Japan agreed to secretly limit immigration of Japanese workers to US

9. Opposition to Immigration
Labor unions
Nativist societies
Social Darwinists

10. Why come to US? ▫Overpopulation in Europe
▫Competition w/ American ag. & industry (unemployment)
▫Prosperity
▫No military conscription
▫Religious persecution (Russian pogroms)
•Americans enticed immigrants in Europe
•Schools to preserve traditional cultures

11. Ellis Island, New York The Golden Door
Decide of Immigrants would be allowed in the United States.
Immigrants must pass a physical examination and meet legal requirements like no felonies

12. “Birds of Passage”
~25% of immigrants

13. Melting Pot vs. Cultural Pluralism
Hindu Temple and Cultural Center

14. Urbanization
Most immigrants moved to cities to find work and now cities faced many new challenges.
Urbanization-Growth of cities

16. Housing-Tenements Immigrants took over working class families houses
Usually 2 to 3 families lived in a one family residence
Jacob Riis pointed out the many problems with these tenements

17. Mulberry Street, Lower East Side, Circa 1900

20. Transportation Mass Transit
Street Cars introduced in San Francisco in 1873
Electric Subways introduced in Boston in 1897

22. Sanitation
Horse manure piled up on streets and sewage flowed through open gutters
People dumped their garbage on streets
Very difficult to provide hygienic living in cities

23. Settlement Houses Jane Addams
Founder of the Settlement House movement with Hull House in Chicago (1889)
Provided a place for immigrants to be educated

24. Hull House
At its height, Hull House was visited each week by around two thousand people. Its facilities included a night school for adults; kindergarten classes; clubs for older children; a public kitchen; an art gallery; a coffeehouse; a gymnasium; a girls club; a swimming pool; a book bindery; a music school; a drama group; a library; and labor-related divisions.

25. Frederick Olmsted Spearheaded the movement for planned urban parks
Designed Central Park and Prospect Park in New York City

26. Frederick Law Olmsted