1. 人文地理領域的基礎網絡設施 The Cyber Infrastructure For GeoHumanities： 廖泫銘 研究副技師
廖泫銘 研究副技師
中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心GIS專題中心
Hsiung-Ming Liao, Associate Research Specialist
GIS Center, RCHSS, Academia Sinica
I am honored to be invited to participate in this session hosted by Professor HARA. I am Hsiung-Ming Liao, GIS Specialist, from GIS Center, RCHSS, Academia Sinica. My personal research interest is about GIS, geographic information digital archives and digital humanities.Today, the topic of my talk is The Cyber Infrastructure For GeoHumanities and take CCTS API and Web Services as An Example. CCTS is refer to Chinese Historical GIS developed by GIS Team, Academia Sinica. Before CCTS was the on-line platform or tools, but now turn to network services
This morning, Prof Ruth Mostern mentioned place name as the common reference.

2. Background
More and more digital materials and dataset（Open Data Science）
The information of place and time are the core element of various media
Create a digital environment of integration and visualization for spatio-temporal information

3. Digital Humanities to GeoHumanities
GIS 物 時 人 事 地
GeoHumanities
GeoHumanities（Spatial Humanities）：HGIS ＋ Digital Humanities
Digital Archives
Digital Humanities

4. API and Web Services for Spatio-temporal Information

5. Historical GIS Service
Google Maps User Interface Google Maps API
Historical GIS of Chinese (CCTS Lite)
CCTS GIS Services: WMTS
CCTS API
Live Demo

6. 20th century topographic maps
Historical GIS of China（CCTS）： Integrated Platform of Spatio-temporal Information
The Historical
Atlas of China
1990 Digital Map 
Database of China
20th century topographic maps
Web-based Historical GIS for Phase I
Gazetters as digital database for place name and relevant information. 15 years ago, GIS Team Academia Sinica create Historical GIS of Chinese
Based The Historical Atlas of China, 20th century topographic maps and 1990 Digital Map 
Database of China. The system or database covered two thousand years of ancient Chinese place names. However,
Gazetters are served by Web GIS platform, many humanities scholars, libraries did not understand GIS well At that time.

7. Historical GIS of Taiwan（THCTS）
台灣行政邊界的變遷
台灣西南部海岸線變遷
時空基礎
糖廠分布
古地名分布

8. Digital Archive of Maps and Aerial Photos http://map. rchss. sinica
one-stop search engine service integrates map resources from many archives
more than 450,000 maps
search by geo-boundary
日本外邦圖、美國史丹福大學圖書館：日版地圖
美國國會圖書館地理地圖部：編繪AMS地圖材料及邊繪稿

9. From System to Service Platform as Service via API Open Access
Private Access
Open Access
Stand alone
System
API
CCTS API
Web Service by Standard
WMTS
CSW
Open Data
THCTS Data
Query System
CCTS
THCTS
API, Web Service, Open Data
Prof. Ruth also mentioned gazetteer is core infrastructure for the semantic web. Information architecture of semantic web is quick different from traditional Web. Most important element are open, linked and Service-Oriented Architecture
2~3 years age, we changed the strategy form Stand alone, private access to open access in different way in including API, Web Service and Open Data.
Platform as Service via API

10. Open Access Strategies
API
CCTS API
Web Service with Standards
OGC WMS/WMTS
Taiwan historic maps services: WMTS
CCTS maps services: WMTS
OGC CSW (Catalogue Service for the Web)
Data Portal for regional studies
Open Data
THCTS downloadable data
Depending on the type of information and open policy, different technologies are used

11. The framework of the Cyberinfrastructure
Through API and Web Service to link different systems and databases

12. CCTS API for Digital Gazetteer Services
15 functions like geocoding, search, conversion
Items
Function
Description 1
PlaceQuery()
Inquire about the place names information according to the attributes 2
DistrictQuery()
Inquire about the administration boundaries information according to the attributes 3
AttributeQuery()
Inquire about the place names and administration boundaries according to the attributes 4
RelationQuery()
Inquire about administrative affiliation according to location 5
RiverQuery()
Inquire about rivers according to the attributes 6
PointBuffer()
Search place names or administration boundaries by point feature and buffer radius 7
PolylineBuffer()
Search place names or administration boundaries by line feature and buffer radius 8
PolygonBuffer()
Search place names or administration boundaries by polygon feature and buffer radius 9
PolygonQuery()
Search place names or administration boundaries by polygon feature 10
MeasureService()
Measuring distance or area by multi-points based on WGS84 coordinate 11
YearTableQuery()
Inquire about chronology information by dynasty or year 12
YearConvert()
conversion between Chinese and Western calendar 13
UnitConvert()
conversion between historical and metric Unit 14
PinyinConvert()
conversion between different pinyin(Romanization) 15
ProjectConvert()
conversion between different coordinate system
Integrate GIS software functions with Chinese Historical Gazetters to create APIs

13. CCTS API for Digital Gazetteer Services
Geocoding by historical or contemporary place name in Chinese or English without HGIS
PlaceQuery()
Historical GIS like CCTS can be regarded as virtual spatio-temporal information framework which can be applied to convert unstructured historical literature into numerical coordinate or link space-time relationship between different textual materials.
便於外部系統介接應用，批次時空對位
I must emphasize that APIs are for system developers and engineers, not for end-users
Bridge to external system
（e.g. batching mode of space-time matching）

15. Demo