1. Japanese Internment Camps

2. Pearl Harbor’s Impact on the Japanese
Pre-Existing Racism
Japanese living on the West Coast
Issei:
Nisei:
Hysteria
Pre-Existing Racism – Already anti-Japanese sentiment, immigration had been limited from Asia
Japanese living on the West Coast – 119,000 living there
Issei: those born in Japan, regarded by the U.S. government as ineligible for U.S. citizenship
Nisei: those born to Japan parents, thus U.S. citizens.
Hysteria – Government distrusted the Japanese, thought they were spies, panic spread

3. Executive Order 9066 February of 1942 Exclusion areas Relocation
Internment
February 1942 – FDR signs this Executive Order
Exclusion Areas – where people of Japanese ancestry were taken from – West Coast
Relocation – removed from their homes on the West Coast
Internment – forced imprisonment of a group of people

4. Relocation Forced Removal
Forced Removal – little time to pack (1 day to 1 week), had to sell home, business, taken a train to camps

5. Internment Camps/Relocation Centers
Located
Why?
Climate
Japanese Internment Camp Locations
Located – in remote areas of the US – in the Rocky mountain area
Why? – wanted them away from everyone
Climate – extreme temps – cold/hot, dry, barren

6. War Relocation Authority(WRA) Centers

7. Life in Internment Camps
Housing
Nutrition & Healthcare
Housing – barracks, inadequate, separate men and women – so families separated
Nutrition and healthcare – inadequate – not enough medical staff, not enough food

8. Civil Liberties/Rights Violations
1st Amendment
No Freedom of Religion
No Freedom of Speech
4th Amendment
Religion – couldn’t practice their religion – Shinto – were encouraged to practice Christianity
Speech – couldn’t speak in Japanese, nothing written in Japanese

9. Civil Liberties/Rights Violations (cont.)
5th Amendment – Government cannot deprive any individual of “Life, Liberty or Property without Due Process of Law”
14th Amendment
14th Amendment – Equal protection clause, government targeted a race, loss jobs, homes

10. Life in Manzanar
Photos taken by Ansel Adams (

11. After the Camps Korematsu v United States (1944)
Civil Liberties Act (1988)
Civil Liberties Act – US government apologizes to those who had been interned, $20,000