1. Test Friday, October 2nd, 2015 Study Relative Pronouns and Clauses
Study Sentences (e.g., simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex)
Summary Writing, which we will learn today.
Tomorrow, you will receive a practice test to prepare you for the real test. The practice test is work no marks.

2. Minds-On Activity Work on the synonyms activity. Extension:
- Read through the MLA websites page.
- Check over your paragraphs.
- No contractions (“can’t” should be “cannot”)
- MLA format
- Size 12 font, Times New Roman
- Written in Third-Person
- Point – Evidence – Explain

3. In one sentence, write the main idea of this paragraph
In one sentence, write the main idea of this paragraph. This paragraph is about...
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first men to walk on the surface of the moon, but they were not the last. That was Gene Cernan, the last man to step off the lunar surface. In total there have been twelve men who have walked on the moon, all of whom had done so between 1969 and 1972, which is the most recent non-Michael Jackson moon walking.

4. Understanding Main Idea
You must comprehend the text.
Focus on the BIGGEST idea.
This paragraph is about moon walkers.
Armstrong & Aldrin
First Men on the Moon
Cernan was the
Last Man on the Moon
12 Men Have Walked
On the Moon

5. What did the writer write about?
To know what summary and finding the main idea are.
To understand how to structure a summary.
To be able to practise writing a summary in groups.
What is a summary?
Summary; Main Idea;
Audience; Works Cited; Paraphrasing

6. Quotation versus Paraphrasing
To know what summary and finding main idea are.
Quotation versus Paraphrasing
What’s the difference?
A quotation permits you to use another person’s exact language.
A paraphrase allows you to use your own words to present someone else’s essential information or ideas.
Summary; Main Idea; Paraphrasing

7. Paraphrasing Pointers
To know what summary and finding main idea are.
To understand how to structure a summary.
Paraphrasing Pointers
Read the original text carefully and underline any key ideas.
Use your own words to restate the main and supporting ideas of the original text. To help prevent copying, try NOT to look at the original source. Use a dictionary and thesaurus to find exact meanings and synonyms of words in the original text.
Do NOT change the meaning of the original text.
Do NOT include your own opinions.
Summary; Main Idea; Paraphrasing

8. Paraphrasing Example Original selection
Circle the most important words and phrases.
Paraphrasing Example
Original selection
Sport drinks or fluid/electrolyte replacement beverages help to “top up” blood glucose levels. This, in turn, helps to preserve or “spare” your glycogen stores and promote endurance. Sport drinks also replace minerals like potassium and sodium that are lost during exercise. But not all runners can tolerate sport drinks. Recognizing this, it is important to experiment during training to assess their impact on your individual performance. Never try a sport drink on race day if you have not already tested it during training.
Effective paraphrase
On the National Post website, John Stanton states that sport beverages can enhance runners’ training performance. The author stresses the importance of exercisers trying the drink prior to training to see if it works for them.
Unacceptable paraphrase
Sport drinks aid in increasing blood glucose levels, which aids in preserving glycogen stores and promoting endurance. It is crucial for trainers to experiment with sport drinks to see if it impacts their training experience.

9. Summary Writing - STEPS
Read the article (Active Reading Habits!)
Reread the article
Write a brief summary for each section of the article
Formulate the main idea
Write your summary (see “TIPS”)
Edit your work
Rewrite a new summary

10. Summary Writing - Tips You must reference the text.
Cite the title, author, and source in the very first sentence.
Example: The article, “The Hijab” is written by Naheed Mustafa.
Identify the main idea.
The main idea usually contains two things:
a) The topic or general subject of the article.
b) The author’s comment/position of the topic.
Simplify the supporting ideas.
Ask yourself who, what, when, where, why, and how questions.
You must follow the importance of the evidence presented, not the exact organization of the text.
Do not include your own opinions.
Check your grammar!
Check your length.

12. Incorrect Example Response 2
This text is about pennies.
This response is too short.
It does not include key ideas.
Incorrect Example Response 2
The 1943 copper penny is worth a lot of money. Copper was hard to get during the war so there aren’t many of them. The 1955 double die penny is worth a lot too. These pennies were stamped twice on accident.
Too much unnecessary stuff.
Main idea is not clear.

13. Correct Example Response
This text is about two very rare and valuable pennies: the 1943 copper penny and the 1955 double die penny.
Includes key information.
Doesn’t include unnecessary information
Is a complete sentence.

14. Summary; Main Idea; Paraphrasing
To know what summary and finding the main idea are.
To understand how to structure a summary.
To be able to practise writing a summary in groups.
We’re going to read a summary.
Then you will summarize that one summary assigned to you.
Summary; Main Idea; Paraphrasing