1. Imperial China:
Qin to Ming Dynasties

3. Qin [Ch’in] Dynasty, 221-206 B.C.E.
Established China’s first empire 
Shi Huangdi ( B.C.E)
Legalist rule 
Bureaucratic administration
Centralized control
Military expansion
Book burnings  targeted Confucianists
Buried protestors alive!
Built large section of the Great Wall
Short-lived but very significant.
Book burnings (including Confucius!)
Millions of peasants were forced to build the Great Wall along the northern border.
China, from Qin, developed as the name outsiders used to refer to China. But the Chinese still refer to themselves as Han people.

4. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Army
Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

5. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Army
Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

6. Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Soldiers & Cavalrymen
Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

7. Cavalry
Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

8. Individual Soldiers
Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

9. The Details of an Individual Soldier
Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

10. Individual “Tombs”
Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

11. The Great Wall with Towers
How effective do you think this kind of fortification would have been in pre-modern times?

12. The Eastern terminus of the Great Wall, Shanhai Pass

14. Han Dynasty, 206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.
“People of the Han”  original Chinese
Paper invented [105 B.C.E.] 
Silk Road trade develops; improves life for many
Buddhism introduced into China
Expanded into Central Asia
The Han Synthesis term refers to the emphasis on Legalism, but with a touch of Confucianism. The Han dynasty recorded Confucius’s teachings (The Analects) and put a big emphasis on the family.
Founded the Imperial University
Required examinations to become bureaucrat (civil service system)
Soldiers dropped to lowest status.
Confucianists at work; Daoists at home.
The Han tried to replace literature, including Confucius’s writings, lost during the Qin Dynasty. Created new works of literature and music. Scroll painting began during this time. Iron was now used for plows and weapons. Acupuncture was invented. Invented a crude seismic sensing tool, so they could send troops and food to the scene of an earthquake!
Inventions include: paper (105 CE), sternpost rudder on ships, water mill, wheelbarrow, furrowed cultivation
Show map for Silk Road trade. It brought Chinese together into one civilization, creating a common culture. Economically, it brought much wealth to the Han, as they exported much more than they imported.
Wudi’s public schools taught Confucianism. Grand School in capital. In 100 years, 30,000 studied there.

15. Han – Roman Empire Connection

16. Chang’an The Han Capital
What about this map suggests that Chang’an was a city of an advanced civilization?
Answers might include:
Grid pattern.
Palaces and administrative buildings suggest centralized governments.
Markets suggest trade.

17. His jade suit has 2498 pieces!
Liu Sheng Tomb (d. 113 BCE)
His jade suit has 2498 pieces!

18. Emperor Wudi, 141-87 B.C.E. Started public schools.
Colonized Manchuria, Korea, & Vietnam.
Civil service system 
bureaucrats
Confucian scholar-gentry
Revival of Chinese landscape painting.
The Han Synthesis term refers to the emphasis on Legalism, but with a touch of Confucianism. The Han dynasty recorded Confucius’s teachings (The Analects) and put a big emphasis on the family.
Founded the Imperial University
Required examinations to become bureaucrat (civil service system)
Soldiers dropped to lowest status.
Confucianists at work; Daoists at home.
The Han tried to replace literature, including Confucius’s writings, lost during the Qin Dynasty. Created new works of literature and music. Scroll painting began during this time. Iron was now used for plows and weapons. Acupuncture was invented. Invented a crude seismic sensing tool, so they could send troops and food to the scene of an earthquake!
Inventions include: paper (105 CE), sternpost rudder on ships, water mill, wheelbarrow, furrowed cultivation
Show map for Silk Road trade. It brought Chinese together into one civilization, creating a common culture. Economically, it brought much wealth to the Han, as they exported much more than they imported.
Wudi’s public schools taught Confucianism. Grand School in capital. In 100 years, 30,000 studied there.

19. Han Artifacts
Imperial Seal
Han Ceramic House

20. Ceramics, Later Han Period