1. What is Colonialism? Age of Imperialism (1760-1914) Colonies
Time when European nations colonized lands in the Americas, Africa, & Asia
Colonies
Characteristics
A policy of extending power and influence on other countries through diplomacy or military force
Exploiting area for natural resources and cheap labor
Brought profits to the governing nation
Imposing your nations laws and customs on the indigenous people of the area

2. Two Stages Old Imperialism (1760-1800s) New Imperialism (1870-1914)
Stemmed from a desire to find trade routes to Asia
Set up trading posts in Africa
North America
New Imperialism ( )
Impacted by the Industrial Revolution
Harvesting labor and resources to be used in factories
Goods taken from colony, made back home
Social Darwinism (racism)
Competition for the largest empire

3. Arguments for Colonization
Economic
Military/
Political
Humanitarian/Religious
Technological
Need for Markets
Need for military bases
White Man’s Burden
New Medicine
Raw Materials
National security
Spread of Christianity
New Weapons
Source of investments
National Pride
Social Darwinism
Transportation

4. U.S. Colonialism Spanish-American War (1898) Latin America
War started by desire to gain new American lands
U.S. gains Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam
Latin America
Panama Canal ( )
U.S. supports Panamanian rebellion
Allows U.S. to build canal connecting Atlantic-Pacific
U.S. controls the canal
Dollar Diplomacy
Sending dollars over bullets

5. African Colonization Why Africa? Decline of the Ottoman Empire
Vast unexplored land
Un-unified, less developed, and small kingdoms
Diverse geography
Decline of the Ottoman Empire
Makes Egypt, Northern Africa vulnerable
End of slave trade
Need new reason to be in Africa
Vaccines
Could go further into Africa without fear of disease

6. Scramble for Africa Egypt Congo Berlin Conference (1884-1885)
British gain control of Suez Canal
British become a ‘protectorate’ of Egypt
Congo
Belgium able to explore the ‘Heart of Africa’
Berlin Conference ( )
Divided up Africa between European countries
No African leaders included in the talks
Division of Africa
French own largest chunks of land
British own the more valuable sections of land
Germany late to imperialism, Italy gets embarrassed

7. Consequences of African Colonialism
Colonies with more resources benefited
European powers invested in schools, hospitals, infrastructure
Most of Africa suffered, taken advantage of
Slave trade took away members of society
Exported natural resources to Europe
Jobs created in Europe by turning resources into goods
Selling resources doesn’t create jobs for Africa
African natives treated poorly

8. British East India Company (1757-1858)
Ruled India on behalf of Great Britain
Replaced the Portuguese as the dominant European force in Asia
Mistreated the native Indians
Gained as a result of the Seven Years War (1763)
At one point ran half of all the worlds trade
Boston Tea Party a result of their tea monopoly
Larger military than the actual British Army
Dissolves after the Great Rebellion (1858)

9. Colonial India Mughal Empire (1526-1857)
Genghis Khan, Taj Mahal
India’s last Golden Age
The Great Rebellion ( )
Sepoys lead armed resistance
Grease cartridges
Pushback against British reforms/rule
“Crown Jewel of the British Empire”
Instituted reforms that benefited the elites of Indian society
Neglected the needs of the majority
Mass starvation
Mahatma Gandhi
Nonviolent resistance to British rule

10. Population Growth
If the population of Africa were 100, this is the rate of growth for Africa, Europe, & Asia from

11. Colonization Videos Imperialism – Crash Course #35
What was the Scramble for Africa? – Armchair Historian
The Mughal Empire – Crash Course #217