1. Bellringer (12/5/13) IN YOUR NOTES
How did the 3rd Estate respond to the unequal voting process in the Estates-General? 9

2. Today’s Class (12/8/14) Outcome Agenda
Analyze two ways that the French and American Revolutions were different and explain the reasons why they had different outcomes.
Agenda
Bellringer
Review 11.1 Notes
11.2 Notes – French Revolution Turns Radical & Violent
Exit Slip

3. Tennis Court Oath
After King Louis XVI voted to keep Estates-General voting system, 3rd Estate sought to draft a constitution, but were locked out of their meeting place.
New National Assembly moved to a nearby indoor tennis court & swore to meet there until they drafted a constitution.

4. Storming the Bastille The violence had begun… July 14, 1789
Fearing that the King would send an army to stop the National Assembly, peasants stormed the Bastille (a royal prison and armory) and took it apart brick by brick. They also killed the guards and put their heads on spikes.
The violence had begun…

5. Ponte de la Concorde
Bricks from the Bastille were used to build the Ponte de la Concorde
Bridge that connects to the Palace of Legislative Assembly, where French legislature meets today.

6. Destruction of Old Regime
Aug 26, Declaration of the Rights of Man adopted by National Assembly
Similar to DOI & Bill of Rights - did not give rights to women
Citizens have right to liberty, property, security, resistance to oppression
All men equal – no more estates
End of tax exemptions for
Freedom of speech/press

7. March on Versailles
Louis XVI refused to accept the laws of the National Assembly. Thousands of armed Parisian women with pitchforks, muskets and swords marched to Versailles. Some of them met with Louis XVI and convinced him to move back to Paris. He and his family would never see Versailles again. Louis forced to accept decrees of National Assembly Louis’ power now limited – Legislative Assembly makes laws

8. New Legislative Assembly faces Resistance
Under Legislative Assembly:
Only upper middle class were able to be elected.
Only men over 25 who paid a certain amount in taxes could vote.
Despite government reforms, peasants still starving and angry
In spring of 1792, peasants formed radical political group - sans-culottes (sant-cu-lott)
Took King captive, forced Legislative Assembly to call for new constitution based on universal male suffrage.

9. 11.2 Radical Revolution and Reaction Does the end justify the means?

10. New Constitution
New government - National Convention drafted a new constitution
They distrusted the king (Louis XVI) and moved to abolish the monarchy
Why?

11. ANOTHER NEW GOVERNMENT?!
In review:
National Assembly
Formed by 3rd Estate after inequality in Estates-General
Adopted Dec. of Rights of Man
Louis “agrees” to new decrees
Legislative Assembly
Set up by National Assembly
Limited monarchy, it passes laws
Still didn’t fix problems of peasants
National Convention
Formed by radical peasants (sans-culottes)
Want to completely eliminate monarchy

12. The Fate of the King Convention members split over Louis’ fate
1. Members of the Jacobin club come to power with a majority
2. Convention voted to sentence Louis XVI to death and he is beheaded on January 21, 1793

13. The Guillotine

14. The Guillotine and the execution of the King

15. Emerging Enemies
In response to Louis’ execution, Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, and the Dutch take up arms against France

16. Committee of Public Safety
To defend itself from domestic and foreign threats, National Convention gives broad power to a 12 member committee known as the committee of public safety led by a cruel and obsessed man named Maximilien Robespierre

17. Reign of Terror
More than 40,000 people will be killed, most by guillotine
Anyone who spoke out against revolution was executed

18. Reign of Terror
The committee imposes price controls on food, fuel, and clothing
The committee starts a program of dechristianizatio n
Wanted to create new order based on reason

19. Reign of Terror
The committee raises an army of more than a million men the largest ever in Europe

20. Reign of Terror 1793-1794 Large army able to fend off foreign nations
After France has fended off the threat of invasion there is less need for the committee of public safety
Fear of Robespierre and how powerful he had become causes the committee to vote to execute him and the reign of terror ends

21. In your notes…Critical Thinking
What was the purpose of the Reign of Terror, other than to spill the blood of thousands? Did it meet its objective?

22. The Directory 1795-1799 National Convention sets up new legislature.
Churches re-open
A two chamber government is set up
500 lawmakers (legislative; lower house)
5 member council (executive; upper house)

23. The Directory
Corruption is rampant and the economy and people are beginning to suffer again

24. Enter Napoleon Bonaparte
In Napoleon Bonaparte uses his popularity (especially with the military) and forces a coup d’etat (sudden overthrow of the government)

25. Experimentation vs. Experience
Writer Susan Dunn characterized the difference between the French Revolution and the earlier American Revolution as “experimentation vs. experience.”
What does this mean? How can it account for the very different outcomes of the two revolutions?
From Daily Warm Ups World History

26. Exit Slip
Analyze 2 ways that the French and American Revolutions were different and cite the reasons why they had different outcomes.