1. World History Key Concept: 6.1
Rapid advances in science altered the understanding of the universe and the natural world and led to the development of new technologies. These changes enabled unprecedented population growth, which altered how humans interacted with the environment and threatened delicate ecological balances at local, regional, and global levels

2. Global Problems How has population growth degraded the environment?
What economic inequities still exist?
What are global diseases, and what are the implications on the human population?
Bentley, Jerry H., and Herbert F. Ziegler. "Global Problems." Traditions & Encounters: A Global Perspective on the past. 4th ed. Boston: McGraw Hill, Print. ,

3. Crash Course Disease What role(s) has disease played in controlling population levels? 2. How do population/demographic/political/economic patterns affect the spread of disease? 3. What human activities have been the biggest catalysts for spreading disease? 4. What scientific developments have circumvented the impact of disease?

4. Global Problems
Patterns of Population Change

5. Global Problems Describe the population trend in Iceland.
Technological advances have allowed the elderly to live longer. Birth control and contraceptive use in Western cultures have created a stationary population situation where the average women has 2 children.

6. Global Problems What problems might you expect in Bahrain?
Gender inequalities are most likely present as well as a large slave trade of women. Uoom told the reporter "I want to warn other women. If you were convinced by someone who promised you a well-paid job in Bahrain, don't trust them. They will tell you of a dream-like city, but what you'll face is like a hell.”-Thai Sex Worker In Bahrain Seeks To Extricate Friends Caught In Catch 22 Situation Pattaya Daily News, 02/05/2007
We assume the situation to be turning around as we see the next generation of females comparable to that of men. In 2001, the Baharian government appointed the Supreme Council for Women to promote and monitor the treatment of women in the home and in public.

7. Global Problems
What could be the culprit of the population changes in Kenya?
According to kenyaorphans.org, There are 150,000 orphans under 5 living in Kenya, most likely with HIV/AIDS themselves. The AIDS epidemic has created an unstable population in Sub-Saharan Africa.

8. Global Problems
How is China’s one-child family rule projected to change the population?
Population control was anathema to the Mao regime in the 1950s and 1960s, although contraception was encouraged on health grounds. Improvements in healthcare pulled the death rate down while births continued to soar: the classic "population explosion" phase of demographic transition. Birth control measures were promoted in the early 1970s and these succeeded in bringing down the birth rate from in 1970 to by The implementation of the "one child" policy in the early 1980s coincided with the coming of age of the "baby boom" generation, so the birth rate slipped back up to in 1987 before subsiding steadily to reach by 1998, pulling the natural growth rate (birth rate minus death rate) down from to 9.53 over the same period.

9. Population Pressure and Environmental Degradation
How have advances in medicine impacted the population in Japan?
Medical innovations increased the ability of humans to survive. The elderly are unable to work or contribute to production and the burden is felt by the working age individiuals who must support their children and parents as seen in the political cartoon.

10. Population Pressure and Environmental Degradation
Green Revolution
Biodiversity
The Green Revolution refers to the advances in chemicals and genetically modified crops to increase food production. The green revolution has resulted in a loss of biodiversity among mostly plants and marine life.

11. Crash Course Disease Is there enough food to feed the earth’s population? 2. How does human activity contribute to famine? 3. Why are countries in the global south more susceptible to famine? 4. Why is laissez-faire policy making just as ineffective as collectivization and capitalist planning in terms of relieving hunger?

12. Population Pressure and Environmental Degradation
What are the concerns about the growing human population and the depletion of the environment?
What are the consequences of a growing human population?

13. Population Pressure and Environmental Degradation
The Planet’s Carrying Capacity
“in a basically closed system like the Earth it is impossible for the population, food production, industrialization, the exploitation of natural resources and pollution of the environment to continue to experience exponential growth without sooner or later collapsing.” -The Club of Rome
“to prevent this disaster, a collective commitment would be needed to curb the indiscriminate growth of the economy and achieve global equilibrium.”
What are the consequences of reaching Earth’s Capacity?
Bentley, Jerry H., and Herbert F. Ziegler. "Global Problems." Traditions & Encounters: A Global Perspective on the past. 4th ed. Boston: McGraw Hill, Print.
6.1 II A: Humans exploited and competed over the earth’s finite resources more intensely than ever before in human history,
6.1 II C: Pollution threatened the world’s supply of water and clean air. Deforestation and desertification were continuing consequences of the human impact on the environment. Rates of extinction of other species accelerated sharply.
Standage, Tom. "Epilogue." A History of the World in 6 Glasses. New York: Walker & :, Print.

14. 21st century “Like many of the defining drinks
of history, it is highly fashionable, is
the subject of conflicting medical
claims, and has unseen but far-
reaching geopolitical significance”
-Standage
Water is the defining beveridge of the 21st century.
Environmental concerns bring water to the forefront of human rights and geopolitical confrontation over water rights
Changes in technology and medical advancements require humans to consume more water.
Water has historically been contaminated and polluted despite being the essential for all life on Earth; and projected, the solar system.
Standage argues water will be the drink of the 21st century, in which humans will have to adapt to the condition of water through purification processes and conservation.

15. Population Pressure and Environmental Degradation
Cholera Vibrio cholerae
Symptoms: profuse watery diarrhea that leads to rapid dehydration
and—if not treated—death
Population Pressure and
Environmental Degradation
Water carries bacterium and can cause illness among humans. The The relatively easy contamination of water required humans to develop alternatives to drinking. (beer, wine, tea, coffee, and coca-cola)
Diseases associated with poverty persisted, while other diseases emerged as new epidemics and threats to human survival. In addition, changing lifestyles and increased longevity led to higher incidence of certain diseases.
Medical innovations increased the ability of humans to survive
Perlin, David. "Water-Borne Diseases: Cholera and Dysentery." Infoplease. Infoplease, Web. 30 July 2015.

16. Most prevalent in impoverished areas
poor sanitation
limited supply of antibiotics
Diseases associated with poverty persisted, while other diseases emerged as new epidemics and threats to human survival. In addition, changing lifestyles and increased longevity led to higher incidence of certain diseases. Medical innovations increased the ability of humans to survive

17. Role of Advanced Technology
Increased exposure of diseases due to ease of travel, but also warning systems and supply of medicines.
New modes of communication and transportation virtually eliminated the problem of geographic distance.
Caption for photo: Dr. Kent Brantly making chlorine solution for disinfection at the case management center on the campus of ELWA Hospital in Monrovia.

18. Projected population change by region
More effective forms of birth control gave women greater control over fertility and transformed sexual practices. Countries in the European Union, United States and China have both taken political and economic incentives to control the population growth in their regions. It is projected however, that India will follow suit by 2050.
Projected population change by region

19. Population Control Margaret Sanger Ghandi
American nurse who advocated for birth control after her mother died from childbirth. She argued that women could not be free to think or act without the power to control their own bodies and the number of children they chose to have.
Debate
Ghandi
Indian Prime Minister who rose to power through non-violent protest of British control in India and independence of Indian peoples. He argued women and men should control their emotions in order to control the population.
Sanger and Ghandi discuss the future of contraception in India. The two do not come to an agreement on moral and ethical basis. Sanger is a scientific proponent and socioeconomic thinker, while Ghandi advocates self-control and Hinduism.
B. More effective forms of birth control gave women greater control over fertility and transformed sexual practices

20. Population Control
After reading the debate among Sanger and Ghandi, what questions do have about their theories?
What can you infer about their beliefs?
How is Ghandi’s point of view different than Sanger? Why?
Students may question Ghandi’s relgion, how he mistreated his wife and what polygomy is. They may also question Sanger’s position in the United States and why she is able to speak with Ghandi so candidly.
Students may infer that Ghandi is religious and believes in a higher power, while Sanger’s beleifes are embedded in biology and natural passions.
Ghandi is a male, with many wives. He is wise and diligent in his self-control. He is Prime Minister of a nation of Hindus and understands his people as worshipers of Hindu. Sanger is a female, who has seen many women suffer from child bearing and poverty. She dismisses impractical means of abstinence in a marriage. Ghandi believes realtions are lust and not love, and should be controlled. Sanger defines sex as necessary for a healthy marriage and relationship. She would rather see happy parents, who can control their family size despite loving one another.
B. More effective forms of birth control gave women greater control over fertility and transformed sexual practices

21. Science and the Environment
Despite the evidence suggesting the need for population control, why do many individuals ignore warnings and continue to procreate?
What are the implications of these practices?