1. The Skeletal System
This ppt = 22 slides
Total: A + B: 42 slides

2. I) Bones: An Overview A. Parts of Skeletal System
STUDY QUESTIONS
List the parts of the Skeletal System and **Define the Axial and Appendicular Subdivisions.
A. Parts of Skeletal System
Bones (skeleton)
Joints
Cartilages
Ligaments
B. Subdivisions Define
*Axial
*Appendicular

3. C. Functions of Bones Explain
STUDY QUESTION
List and explain the Bone functions.
*Support:
*Protect:
*Muscles:
*Store:
*Blood cell:
D. Classification of Bones
1. Structural Types
Compact bone
Spongy bone
STUDY QUESTION
What are the two structural types of Bone and how are they different?

4. 2. *Types by Shape ** List and Explain the Shape Types of Bones.
Figure 5.1

5. D. Structure of a Long Bone
1. *Diaphysis- explain
2. *Epiphysis- explain
3. Periosteum
4. *Arteries
5. *Articular cartilage: explain
6. Epiphyseal plate =
7. Epiphyseal line =
Study Question
Identify and explain the anatomical areas of a long bone.

6. E. Bone Formation, Growth, and Remodeling
Anatomy of a Long Bone …
8. *Medullary cavity: define
*Location:
*Types Marrow: define
E. Bone Formation, Growth, and Remodeling
1. Growth & Formation:
a. Dense connective plates, start as
i) Specific types of bones: ?
ii) Connective Tissue begins to be:
iii) Eventually the bone replaces all membrane
iv) In adult: The bone has Sutures:

7. E. Bone Formation, Growth, and Remodeling …
b. Cartilage Models:
i) Specific Types of bones: ?
ii) Bones start out as Cartilage Models in fetus
iii) Bone replaces cartilage:
iii) Then only Epiphyseal Plates are left:
iv) Then bone replaces plates and get Epiphyseal Line:
Bone remodeling: give functions of cells below
a. Osteocytes
b. *Osteoclasts
c. *Osteoblasts
STUDY QUESTION
Summarize the events of bone remodeling throughout life.

8. Bone Fractures c. Functions: i) Bone Health
2. Bone remodeling …
c. Functions:
i) Bone Health
ii) Blood calcium level Homeostasis:
iii) Response to Gravity & muscle activity:
Bone Fractures
*Fracture (Table 5.1)=
Basic Types explain
*Closed
*Open
2. Treatment
Reduction
Immobilization
Summarize the events of bone remodeling throughout life.
OBJECTIVES
New Bone

9. Common Types of Fractures
Table 5.2

10. g. Bone Markings and Functions
Table 5.1
Projections or Processes =
Functions:
Depressions and Openings
Sinus
Foramen
Canal
3. Articulate

11. II) The Axial Skeleton =

12. Human Skull, Anterior View
Figure 5.11

13. A. The Skull Major Areas: Define & Functions *Cranium F P
*Facial bones
1. CRANIUM
Sutures
Frontal
Sagittal
For Bones, Know: location & Articulations
a) Parietal
b) Frontal
c) Temporal
Carotid Canal
Jugular Foramen F P T O
Carotid Canal
Jugular Foramen T O

14. 2. FACIAL BONES: Location & Importance a) *Maxilla Hard Palate
SKULL … Cranium …
d) Occipital
Occipital Condyles
Foramen Magnum
2. FACIAL BONES: Location & Importance
a) *Maxilla
Hard Palate
b) *Mandible
c) *Nasal
d) *Zygomatic
Only freely movable joint = Temporalmandibular Joint
H.P.
O.C.
F.M. O N Z
Max
Man

15. Human Skull, Lateral View
Figure 5.7

16. Human Skull, Inferior View
Figure 5.9

17. C. The Fetal Skull
Fontanels:

18. D. The Vertebral Column 1. *Parts location & number of vertebrae
*Cervical
*Thoracic
*Lumbar
*Sacrum
*Coccyx
2. Intervertebral Discs
Type of Tissue
Shape
Location
Function

19. 3. Curvatures a. Primary: Have At birth b. Secondary: Develop when
The Vertebral Column …
3. Curvatures
a. Primary:
Have At birth
b. Secondary:
Develop when

20. 4. Disorders
** STUDENTS DO FOLLOWING **
*Scoliosis
*Herniated Disc

21. END