1. Paraphrasing

2. What is Paraphrasing? O Its taking the essential information and details from a text and presenting them in YOUR OWN WORDS. O Its one legitimate waywith appropriate citationsto borrow from a source. O Its more detailed and specific than a summary, which is focused on a single main idea, such as a storys plot. O Its NOT an opinion or a new argument. Most of the time, we paraphrase information from a text to SUPPORT our opinion or argument.

3. What Can Be Paraphrased? O a short phrase O a sentence O a paragraph O In longer pieces, even a page can be paraphrased. O But it must come from a SPECIFIC place in the text.

4. Paraphrasing Example from Us and Them Text: …I tore off the wrappers and began cramming the candy bars into my mouth, desperately, like someone in a contest. Paraphrase: Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour them (3). The writers specific ideas are presented but in YOUR OWN WORDS. Page number where specific ideas from the text can be found

5. Paraphrasing Example Text: …I tore off the wrappers and began cramming the candy bars into my mouth, desperately, like someone in a contest. Paraphrase: Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour them (3). When we write about literature, we want to write in 3 rd person.

6. Use Synonyms and Your Own Words Text: …I tore off the wrappers and began cramming the candy bars into my mouth, desperately, like someone in a contest. Paraphrase: Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour them (3).

7. Use Synonyms and Your Own Words Text: …I tore off the wrappers and began cramming the candy bars into my mouth, desperately, like someone in a contest. Paraphrase: Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour them (3).

8. Use Synonyms and Your Own Words Text: …I tore off the wrappers and began cramming the candy bars into my mouth, desperately, like someone in a contest. Paraphrase: Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour them (3).

9. Use Synonyms and Your Own Words Text: …I tore off the wrappers and began cramming the candy bars into my mouth, desperately, like someone in a contest. Paraphrase: Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour (3).

10. Use Synonyms and Your Own Words Text: …I tore off the wrappers and began cramming the candy bars into my mouth, desperately, like someone in a contest. Paraphrase: Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour them (3).

11. Now we need to add some context for the reader Paraphrase: Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour them (3). CONTEXT: Who, What, Where, When, How, Why (Not all will always apply.) WHY is Sedaris rushing to eat the candy bars? WHERE is he when hes doing this? WHEN is this happening?

12. Paraphrase with CONTEXT added Paraphrase: Knowing he had little time before his mother gathered his Halloween chocolate to give to the Tomkey children, Sedaris frantically opened his treats and raced to devour them before she opened his bedroom door (3).

13. What kind of evidence from a text is easy to paraphrase? O facts or plot O specific information from a text that can be effectively written in many different ways

14. What kind of evidence is best for weaving a direct quote? (and harder to paraphrase) O pieces of dialogue O something in the text where the authors words just cant be beat O descriptions where the authors word choice shouldnt be tampered with

15. Should I Paraphrase or Quote Weave? Original Text: I wanted to know what this something was, and so I began peering through the Tomkeys windows. This is plot, so its perfect for paraphrasing. Paraphrase: Since they dont own a television, Sedaris is curious about how the Tomkeys spend their time, so he makes a habit of spying on them through the windows of their home (1).

16. How to Paraphrase 1. Read and reread the text until you have a clear understanding of the main idea, including details. 2. Put the text away and see if you remember the main idea and details. Can you say them out loud? If not, reread again. 3. Now write down what you remember, but WITHOUT looking at the text. 4. Then compare your writing to the original. Are the writers specific ideas still there? If not, revise. 5. Have you paraphrased and not plagiarized? If not, revise again.

17. Is this paraphrasing or plagiarizing? O Original text: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men, couldnt put humpty back together again. O Paraphrase: Humpty Dumpty was sitting on a wall, but then he had a great fall. The kings horses and his men, couldnt put humpty back together again.

18. Its Plagiarizing! O Original text: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men, couldnt put humpty back together again. O Paraphrase: Humpty Dumpty was sitting on a wall, but then he had a great fall. The kings horses and his men, couldnt put humpty back together again.

19. Why is this paraphrase ineffective? O Original text: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men, couldnt put humpty back together again. O Paraphrase: Something happened to Humpty Dumpty. The horses and soldiers working under the king had no idea what to do about it so they gave up and went home.

20. Why is this paraphrase ineffective? O Original text: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men, couldnt put humpty back together again. O Paraphrase: What happens to Humpty Dumpty is extremely tragic.

21. Now, you take a try! Paraphrase this text. O Original text: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men, couldnt put humpty back together again. - read and then look away from the text - use synonyms and change up the order of the ideas - compare your paraphrase to the original

22. How to Paraphrase and not Plagiarize O Replace words from the original text with synonyms. Original text: Humpty Dumpty [sat] rested [on] atop a wall. Humpty Dumpty [had a great fall] tumbled off and crashed to the ground. [All] Everyone of the kings horses and [all the] kings [men] workers [couldnt] were unable to [put humpty back together] repair or rebuild him [again].

23. How to Paraphrase and not Plagiarize O Switch up the order of the ideas Original text: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men, couldnt put humpty back together again. Just changing order of ideas: All the kings men and all the kings horses couldnt put Humpty back together again after he had a great fall off a wall he had been sitting on. Note! This change alone, would still count as a plagiarizing, but we could then replace and change words to fix that!

24. How to Paraphrase and not Plagiarize O Change the phrasing Original text: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men, couldnt put humpty back together again. Just changing the phrasing: While sitting on a wall, Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. Though they tried to put him back together again, all the kings horses and men were unable to fix Humpty. Note! This change alone, would still count as a plagiarizing, but we could then replace and change words.

25. Do you have to change every single word when paraphrasing? Original text: Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men, couldnt put humpty back together again. Names (Humpty Dumpty) or basic common nouns (wall, king, horse) where there isnt a suitable synonym dont need to be changed.

26. Changing these underlined proper and common nouns is unnecessary Original text: Rita, a gorilla, at the Austin zoo learned sign language and especially loves using it when she wants to eat her favorite dinner: cheeseburgers and tater tots.(5) Over-Paraphrase: At a facility where animals are kept for public viewing, located in Texass capital, Rita, a fur-covered ape, loves meat patties with cheese between two buns and mini deep-fried hash brown potatoes. Shes been trained to use the language of the deaf to request this particular meal (5).