1. No Warmup We are going to go over the quiz from Friday (the 15th)
But you do need your binder

2. Quiz Remake In-Class quiz remake on Wednesday 2/27
I will take the better score

3. The French Revolution: 1789-1799

4. Key People and Terms
King Louis XVI: the king of France, killed in the third year of the revolution.
Maximillian Robespierre: a radical French lawyer who became the leader of France during the Reign of Terror. Killed in the fifth year.
Napoleon Bonaparte: French General who ends the revolution, becomes Emperor, and conquers most of Europe.
Bourgeoisie: the middle class and wealthy who were not nobles.

5. Three Estates
France was divided politically into 3 formal “estates” or divisions.
1st Estate: Priests
2nd Estate: Nobles
3rd Estate: Everyone Else
Priests
Nobles
Everyone Else
Peasants
Merchants
Bourgeoisie

6. Who made up the estates? 1st 2nd 3rd
15,000 upper clergy (very wealthy)
130,000 lower clergy (fairly poor)
2nd
350,000 nobles (very wealthy)
3rd
3 million bourgeoisie (middle class)
22 million peasants and working poor
Priests
Nobles
Everyone Else
Peasants
Merchants
Bourgeoisie

7. What was unequal? The 3rd estate paid taxes to:
the 1st estate
2nd estate
the government.
The 1st and 2nd estate paid almost no taxes
Priests
Nobles
Everyone Else
Peasants
Merchants
Bourgeoisie

8. What was unequal? About 70% of 3rd estate lived in crushing poverty.
Most of 2nd estate were rich enough they didn’t need jobs.
The 3rd estate:
97% of the population
35% of the land
20% of the wealth
80% of the taxes
Priests
Nobles
Everyone Else
Peasants
Merchants
Bourgeoisie

9. What was unequal? Additionally, the 2nd Estate had special privileges:
Only ones who could be officers in the army.
Only ones who could be higher officials in the government.
Could carry weapons in public.
Were more protected by the law.
Priests
Nobles
Everyone Else
Peasants
Merchants
Bourgeoisie

10. French Debt Crisis By 1789, France had a huge debt problem.
France had been fighting Britain on and off for 100 years.
Wars are expensive
The government could not pay off its debt.

11. French Debt Crisis
The French King, Louis XVI, tried many times to get enough taxes to pay off the debts.
The problem was that most of the country’s money belonged to nobles and priests, who didn’t pay taxes.

12. French Debt Crisis
By 1789, France was approaching financial ruin and bankruptcy and the King was desperate for solutions.
This is how the people got the opportunity to start a revolution.

13. Assignment: French Revolution Basics
You have a MIGHTY packet to complete.
You will have the rest of today, all of tomorrow, and most of Wednesday to finish this packet.
You will be directly quizzed on this packet on Friday