2. Calvin vs Luther Intro to Calvin A few things to look for:
1. Man’s inherent sinfulness
2. Luther – security not in works but from faith in God and leads to a good life. Luther’s starting point is justification by grace through faith (human perspective).
3. Calvin – security from an all-powerful God but living right requires an intentionality. Calvin’s starting point is the sovereignty of God.
4. Luther - an exalting of the spiritual over the temporal (not as much as R.C.C.).
5. Calvin - an exalting of God’s good creation (including work) and how we are to use it and allow it to bring our praise to God.
6. The importance of community and duty in Calvin’s thought.

3. Who said what?
Nothing is easier than sinning.

4. Who said what?
Nothing is easier than sinning.
Luther

5. Who said what?
Our Lord God must be a pious man to be able to love rascals. I can’t do it, and yet I am a rascal myself.

6. Who said what?
Our Lord God must be a pious man to be able to love rascals. I can’t do it, and yet I am a rascal myself.
Luther

7. Who said what?
Seeing that a Pilot steers the ship in which we sail, who will never allow us to perish even in the midst of shipwrecks, there is no reason why our minds should be overwhelmed with fear and overcome with weariness.

8. Who said what?
Seeing that a Pilot steers the ship in which we sail, who will never allow us to perish even in the midst of shipwrecks, there is no reason why our minds should be overwhelmed with fear and overcome with weariness.
Calvin

9. Who said what?
God’s whole purpose in creating us, in adorning the world with such a magnificent variety of beautiful and good things, in watching over us with such careful providence is that we might be moved continually to render praise to him.

10. Who said what?
God’s whole purpose in creating us, in adorning the world with such a magnificent variety of beautiful and good things, in watching over us with such careful providence is that we might be moved continually to render praise to him.
Calvin

11. Who said what?
Faith must trample under foot all reason, sense, and understanding.

12. Who said what?
Faith must trample under foot all reason, sense, and understanding.
Luther

13. Who said what?
Pray, and let God worry.

14. Who said what?
Pray, and let God worry.
Luther

15. Who said what?
God preordained, for his own glory and the display of His attributes of mercy and justice, a part of the human race, without any merit of their own, to eternal salvation, and another part, in just punishment of their sin, to eternal damnation.

16. Who said what?
God preordained, for his own glory and the display of His attributes of mercy and justice, a part of the human race, without any merit of their own, to eternal salvation, and another part, in just punishment of their sin, to eternal damnation. John Calvin

17. Who said what?
Is it faith to understand nothing, and merely submit your convictions implicitly to the Church?

18. Who said what?
Is it faith to understand nothing, and merely submit your convictions implicitly to the Church?
John Calvin

19. Focus: God’s Glory & Dominion
Oh, no single piece of our mental world is to be hermetically sealed off from the rest, and there is not a square inch in the whole domain of our human existence over which Christ, who is Sovereign over all, does not cry: 'Mine!'"
Abraham Kuyper

20. Impact of Calvinism Pay attention; this is very important!
Grew more important than Lutheranism
Cause of dispute in religious wars in France.
Puritans came to America seeking to build “a [holy] city on a hill.”
Helped promote economic Capitalism
To prove that you were one of the elect, you had to work hard, make money, and be ‘blessed’ by God.

21. The English Reformation

23. What is an Anglican? Anglican in America is called Episcopalian
Anglican in America is called Episcopalian

24. King Henry VIII Becomes King in 1507 Staunch Catholic
Marries dead brother’s wife, Catherine
Read Lev 20:21
She doesn’t produce healthy male heir.
Staunch Catholic
Writes The Defense of the Seven Sacraments against Luther
Is awarded the title "Defender of the Faith“ by Pope Leo X.

25. King Henry Meets Anne Boleyn in 1520s
"charm, style and wit, with will and savagery”

26. King Henry Meets Anne Boleyn in 1520s
"charm, style and wit, with will and savagery”

27. King Henry
Argues:
that lack of a male heir was because his marriage was "blighted in the eyes of God." Catherine had been his late brother's wife, and it was therefore against biblical teachings for Henry to have married her (Leviticus 20:21).
Pope should annul marriage

28. King Henry Wants a Divorce

29. King Henry VIII
Catholic church would not grant him one.

30. King Henry VIII Catholic church would not grant him one.
Set up his own church in England
Anglican church

31. King Henry VIII (don’t copy this slide)
A “political reformation” only at first
The six wives of Henry VIII
--Anne Boleyn
--Jane Seymour

32. Died in 1547

33. England (cont) The brief reign of Edward VI The rule of “Bloody” Mary
Queen Elizabeth I
Made church more Protestant

34. VI. Results of the Reformation
Germany was politically weakened and fragmented
Christian Church was splintered in the West
100 Years of Religious Warfare
Furthered societal individualism and secularism
Growing doubt and religious skepticism

35. VI. Results of Reformation (cont)
Political stability valued over religious truth
Calvinism boosted the commercial revolution
Witch craze swept Europe in the 1600’s
--Between , 3000 people in Germany, 9000 people in Switzerland and 1000 people in England were executed as witches

37. Four ways of determining Christian theology
Scripture – the Holy Bible (Old and New Testaments)
Tradition – the two thousand year history of the Christian Church
Reason – rational thinking and sensible interpretation
Experience – a Christian's personal and communal journey in Christ

39. Modern church issues: homosexuality
What is an Anglican?
Modern church issues: homosexuality
Current Worship
Trends today:

40. Leader of Episcopal church in US Reaction to Catholic
Reaction to Catholic
Homosexuality in the church
Gene robinson doc.

41. Read Matt 28:16-20
What claim does Jesus make about his authority? How is this tied to the command to his disciples?
Is this command given to all Christians? Or only to pastors (priests)?
Why is this command only given to the eleven, and not all Christians?