1. Celestial Motion:
Looking Up

2. Constellation Polaris Star Planet
OUTCOME QUESTION(S):
S1-4-03:
Why were the position and motion of visible celestial objects important to past cultures?
How can you measure the location of objects in the sky?
Vocabulary & Concepts 
Constellation Polaris
Star Planet

3. What do you see?

4. 1. Agricultural revolution: tracking stars became necessary to accurately mark the growing season.
Position allowed for creation of a calendar that had 365 days in a year.
There was both a spiritual and practical significance to tracking the celestial movements

5. Zodiac is Greek for “circle of animals”
2. Exploration and Trade: tracking stars used to navigate water for trade and conquest.
Stars and the Sun became the "landmarks" used.
Groups of stars are “constellations”
used to organize the sky
named for animals and gods
Zodiac is Greek for “circle of animals”

7. What do people in the Southern hemisphere use?
The North Star – Polaris – is used for navigation.
Polaris is due north
How high Polaris is in the sky (altitude) equals your latitude on the earth's surface.
What do people in the Southern hemisphere use?
LAND coordinates are called latitude and longitude.

8. This is Winnipeg

9. Measuring Angles in the Sky
Measuring Angles in the Sky

10. Astrolabe
Instrument used to calculate the position of objects in the sky with high accuracy
Perfected during Islamic Golden Age ( s)
Period of enormous growth in math, science and medicine
Spread of the invention of paper allowed Islamic scholars to collect and translate the greatest collection of human knowledge in the world – held in a center called – HOUSE OF WISDOM

11. (measured with a compass)
Vertical (up/down) angle is called altitude:
Horizon – ground - 0°
Zenith – directly above - 90°
Horizontal (left/right) angle is called azimuth:
(measured with a compass)
North – azimuth of 0°
South – azimuth of 180°
A position in the SKY is given using altitude and azimuth as its “coordinates”
altitude
azimuth

12. What is Up there?
Stars: very large collection of matter that emits an intense amount of energy (light and heat).
Planets: collection of matter that is generally spherical and revolves (orbits) around a star.
Only five planets can be seen without the naked eye…Which ones?
My Very Educated Master Just Showed Us Nine Planets
Our solar system:
A star (Sun) and all the objects orbiting it

13. Scientists estimate our solar system is 4.6 billions years old
Feature
Planet
Star
Location
Distance from Earth
Real size
Reason we see it
Surface temperature
Composition
Look
Motion over time
Far beyond the solar system
In the solar system
Fairly near
Very, very, very far
Smaller than most stars
Larger than planets
Reflects light
Emits light
Cold or very cool
Very hot
Rocks and/or gases
Gases
A constant light
Twinkles / flickers
Very slowly wanders through constellations
Move only as part of a constellation
Scientists estimate our solar system is 4.6 billions years old

14. CAN YOU ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS? S1-4-03:
Why were the position and motion of visible celestial objects important to past cultures?
How can you measure the location of objects in the sky?
Vocabulary & Concepts 
Constellation Polaris
Star Planet