1. Week 2:
Mixing Substances

2. What is Matter? Matter is stuff! It is everything around you
Scientifically, it is anything that takes up space and has mass
Matter can be solid, liquid, or gas
Elaborate on stuff: air, water, desk, food, etc.
What is mass? a measure of the amount of matter in a particular object
solid, liquid, or gas -- these are states. also called “phases”

3. Examples of phases of matter

4. Atoms and Elements Atoms are the smallest, most basic unit of matter
There’s not just one kind of atom—there are 118!! (that we know of)
Each of these is called an element
All matter is made of atoms
many different kinds of atoms exist - we call each an element
Different elements have different chemical and physical properties

6. Compounds
Compounds are atoms from different elements put together in a fixed combination
These atoms are joined together by chemical bonds
Compounds have different properties than the atoms that make it up
Elaborate on “Fixed combination”: analogy of letters and words
letters are the atoms, words are the compounds
ie: Water is always gonna be comprised of 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen, arranged like the picture
Chemical bonds are the “glue” that holds compounds together
Different properties: ie: Oxygen is different from water. tell the kids to imagine drinking oxygen or breathing water.

7. What is a Substance? A substance is a group of one type of matter
It could be made of either an element or compound—but it has to be pure
But it could be solid, liquid, or gas
“Group” means a collection/bulk amount of something. ie: a bucket full of ____, a beaker of <element>, bowl of milk
Pure, as in just that one substance
Substances can be in any phase (remind kids what phases are)

8. Mixtures A mixture is a combination of two or more substances
But, there is no chemical reaction -- Each substance stays the same
They just mix!
No chemical reaction means that the compounds or elements stay unchanged

9. Homogenous vs. Heterogenous
“Homogeneous” means uniform.
In a homogeneous mixture, each substance is distributed evenly throughout and looks similar
“Heterogeneous” means varied.
In a heterogeneous mixture, the substances are visible, dissimilar, and irregularly distributed
Give examples of homogeneous mixtures
Give examples of heterogeneous mixtures
- picture above: oil vs. water because they don’t mix

10. Solutions
A solution is a homogenous mixture made up of a solvent and one or more solutes
The solvent is a substance that dissolves another substance that it is mixed with
The solute is the substance that is dissolved
Make sure to classify solutions as a type of mixture
Dissolve means to use a liquid to break apart a solid substance into its liquid state
Solvents are usually the substance in greater quantity in the mixture. most commonly water
solutes are substances that are usually lesser in quantity.

11. Suspension
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture that consists large particles spread throughout a liquid
The particles are visible
Some suspensions will settle, others will continue to be suspended
Give examples of heterogeneous mixtures

12. Vocabulary Review/List
Matter - anything that takes up space and has mass
Compound - 2 or more CHEMICALLY combined elements (not easily separated from each other) ex: water (H2O), CO2
Substance - A substance is a group of one type of matter
Mixture - a mixture is a combination of two or more substances where there is no chemical combination or reaction.
Heterogeneous - substances are visible, dissimilar, and irregularly distributed
Homogenous - each substance is distributed evenly throughout and looks similar
Solution - a homogeneous mixture made up of a solvent and one or more solutes
Solvent - a substance that dissolves another substance that it is mixed with
Solute - the substance that is dissolved
Suspension - a heterogeneous mixture that consists large particles spread throughout a liquid