1. Kingdom Diversity

2. Taxonomy Hierarchy of classification:
(Domain then Kingdom- Largest and most encompassing)
(Species- smallest grouping- includes organisms that can interbreed)
Binomial Nomenclature = Scientific naming
includes Genus and Species
Genus is capitalized while species is lowercase.
When in print, scientific name is italicized
When handwritten, scientific name is underlined

3. 3 Domains and 6 kingdoms in tree of life

5. Eubacteria Cell type - Prokaryotes Number of cells - Unicellular
Nutrition - Both heterotrophic and autotrophic forms
Have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan
Peptidoglycan is made of amino acids and carbohydrates and is present in the cell walls of eubacteria.

6. Bacterial Shapes

7. Bacteria Examples

8. Archaebacteria Cell type - Prokaryotes Number of cells - Unicellular
Nutrition - Both heterotrophic and autotrophic forms
Have cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan and therefore cannot be stained using gram staining techniques
Can survive in harsh environmental conditions
Examples: halophiles, thermophiles alkaliphiles, and acidophiles

9. Thermoacidophiles
Thermophiles

10. Protista Cell Type - Eukaryotic
Number of cells - Both unicellular and multicellular forms
Found in moist/wet environments
Nutrition - Both autotrophic and heterotrophic forms
Some with cell walls, some without.

11. Fungi Cell type - Eukaryotic
Number of cells - Both Multicellular and Unicellular forms
Nutrition - Heterotrophic
Decomposers
Excrete enzymes to
Digest food externally then
Absorb nutrients from
environment
Saprophytes
Living off of dead
matter
Have cell walls
Made of chitin

12. Plantae Cell type - Eukaryotic # of Cells - Multicellular
Nutrition - Autotrophic/
Photosynthetic
Producers
Have cell walls
Made of cellulose

13. Plant Adaptations Tropism- a plant’s response to its environment
Plants control their growth in response to stimuli by using hormones.
Hormones- chemicals made the organism & travel to another part of the organism. Affects the organisms activities at that location.

14. Plant Adaptations Hormones used by plants
Auxins are plant hormones that regulate phototropism.
Gibberellins- plant growth hormones that cause the plant to grow taller
Abscisic Acid- plant hormone that inhibits growth and cell division.

15. Plant Adaptations
Geotropism- a plant’s response to gravity

16. Plant Adaptations
Phototropism- a plant’s response to light

17. Thigmotropism- a plant’s response to touch

18. Plant Adaptations- Cont.
Dormancy- plant seeds will not sprout unless favorable environmental conditions exist.
Waxy coating on leaves- to protect from evaporation/conserve water
Insulation- thick bark on conifers to protect against fire
Flexible branches- branches bend rather than breaking under weight from snow and ice
Pollination by:
wind, insects, birds, or other animals.

19. Animalia Cell type - Eukaryotes # of cells - Multicellular
Nutrition - Heterotrophic
NO Cell Walls

20. Animal Adaptations Behavior Adaptations Inherited behavior
Innate behavior
Reflex
simple quick automatic behavior
For example, blinking
Instincts
More complex
May be a combination of behaviors
May take longer
For example, courtship behaviors
Territorial Behavior
Animals may exhibit aggression to protect:
Territory
Food source
Young offspring
Animal Adaptations

21. Animal Adaptations Cont.
Migration- animals move to warmer climates
during cold winter months.
Hibernation- physiological change where animal’s body temperature drops, consumption of oxygen decreases, and breathing rate decreases for cold winter months
Estivation- physiological change where animals reduce metabolic rate from extreme heat, lack of food, or long periods of drought
Learned behavior
Habituation
Imprinting

22. Animal Adaptations Defense Adaptations Mechanical Defenses
Camouflage
Cryptic coloration
Disruptive coloration
countershading
Chemical Defenses
Poisons
Irritants or taste bad
Nutrient exclusion