1. Multi-Cellular
Notes
2018

2. What are multicellular organisms?
Organisms that consist of more than 1 cell.
Each multi-cellular organism consists of organelles.

3. A tiny structure that carries out a specific function within a cell.
What are organelles?
A tiny structure that carries out a specific function within a cell.
Examples: nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall

4. How are multicellular organisms shaped?
Plant cells have more of a square shape because they have a CELL WALL. The cell wall helps keep structure and cause a more rigid shape.
Animal cells have more of a circular shape because they lack a cell wall to strengthen the edges of the cell.

5. Rigid layer of non- living material surrounding cell wall.
Only in plant cells
Protects and supports cell

6. Cell Membrane
Structure that controls what enters/exits cells & is in all cells.
Everything must pass through membrane to enter or exit. Let’s good things in, keeps harmful ones out!

7. Nucleus Controls the functions in the cell “Brain of the cell”
Consists of:
Nuclear membrane (separates nucleus from cytoplasm)
Chromatin (thin, floating strands that contain genetic material)

8. Cytoplasm
A gel-like region between the cell membrane and nucleus that contains water and nutrients.

9. Mitochondria (MIGHTY mitochondria)
Rod shapes that are called the “powerhouse” of the cell.
Energy is produced here & converted into “power”

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum
A maze of passageways that carry proteins throughout the cell and transports nutrients.

11. Small grain-like bodies that float in cytoplasm and attach to ER.
Ribosomes
Small grain-like bodies that float in cytoplasm and attach to ER.
They are called the “factories” that produce proteins.

12. GMAIL- G for Golgi Bodies and Mail because it’s like a mail room.
Flattened sacs and tubes that receive protein from ER, packages them, and sends back out to the cell.
GMAIL- G for Golgi Bodies and Mail because it’s like a mail room.

13. Storage areas for food, materials, and waste
Vacuoles
Storage areas for food, materials, and waste
Large, water-filled sacs. Big in plant cells, smaller in animal cells

14. Lysosomes Cell’s “clean up crew” Small, round objects
that break down materials
Cell’s “clean up crew”
found mostly in animal cells

15. Chloroplasts large green structures that float in cytoplasm
makes the cell green
captures energy from sunlight to create food
only in plant cells

16. What are specialized cells?
Cells with a specific function
Cells with the same function organize together to create something “grander”
Cells with same function gather together to create tissue.

17. Bacteria Cell Comparison
Bacteria cells are smaller than plant and animal cells.
Bacterial cells DO NOT contain a nucleus.
DNA in bacteria cells are found in cytoplasm

18. Plant cells have chloroplast and cell walls.
Plant vs. Animal Cell
Plant cells have chloroplast and cell walls.
Animal cells have lysosomes.