2. The country with the largest population in Africa is
Algeria.
Egypt.
India.
Nigeria.
South Africa.

3. The country with the largest population in Africa is
Algeria.
Egypt.
India.
Nigeria.
South Africa.
Explanation:
Nigeria is Africa’s population leader. India is not located in Africa. South Africa is an economic leader.
Answer: D
Difficulty Level: 1
Text Reference: 2.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 1, 9, and 12
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.1: Identify regions where population is clustered.

4. FIGURE 2-2 POPULATION CARTOGRAM In a cartogram, countries are displayed by size of population rather than land area.

5. The number of people per unit of arable land is the
arithmetic density.
physiological density.
agricultural density.
land-use density.
population density.

6. The number of people per unit of arable land is the
arithmetic density.
physiological density.
agricultural density.
land-use density.
population density.
Answer: B
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 2.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 14, 17, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.4: Define physiological density.
Explanation:
This is the definition of physiological density which is different from arithmetic and agricultural densities. 6

7. The spread of the Avian flu through Egypt and Sudan is most closely associated with which geographic feature?
A major interstate highway
The Nile River
The ridgeline of a mountain range
The Trans-African railway
The Orinoco River

8. Answer: B
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 2.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 2, 3, 4, 9, 12, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.15: Summarize the four stages of the epidemiologic transition.
The spread of the Avian flu through Egypt and Sudan is most closely associated with which geographic feature?
A major interstate highway
The Nile River
The ridgeline of a mountain range
The Trans-African railway
The Orinoco River
Explanation:
The Nile is the major north-south transport route in Egypt and Sudan. 8

9. Which of the following is the least significant factor affecting population growth rates?
Doubling times
Sex ratio
Total fertility rate
Crude death rate
Crude birth rate

10. Which of the following is the least significant factor affecting population growth rates?
Doubling times
Sex ratio
Total fertility rate
Crude death rate
Crude birth rate
Answer: B
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 2.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 9, 14, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.6: Describe how population growth is measured through the natural increase rate.
Explanation:
Sex ratio refers to the percentage of men and women born in a country. The other terms are closely related to the rise and decline of population size. 10

11. Which of the following countries has the highest infant mortality rates?
Venezuela
Greenland
Iceland
Mali
Saudi Arabia

12. Which of the following countries has the highest infant mortality rates?
Venezuela
Greenland
Iceland
Mali
Saudi Arabia
Explanation:
Like its neighbors in Saharan Africa, Mali has some of the highest infant mortality rates in the world.
Answer: D
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 2.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 9, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.16: Explain reasons for variations in health care. 12

13. FIGURE 2-39 INFANT MORTALITY RATE (IMR) The highest IMRs are in sub-Saharan Africa, and the lowest are in Europe and South Pacific.

14. In which stage of the demographic transition are birth rates stable and death rates declining?
This situation does not occur in any of the four stages.

15. In which stage of the demographic transition are birth rates stable and death rates declining?
This situation does not occur in any of the four stages.
Figure 2-14 clearly shows stable birth rates and declining death rates in stage 2.
Answer: B
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 2.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 9, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.10: Describe the four stages of the demographic transition. 15

16. FIGURE 2-17 DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL The demographic transition model consists of four stages.

17. Population growth rates are lowest in _________ of the demographic transition.
stage 1
stage 2
stage 3
stage 4
stage 5

18. Population growth rates are lowest in _________ of the demographic transition.
stage 1
stage 2
stage 3
stage 4
stage 5
Explanation:
High birth and death rates negate one another in stage 1 and result in very low population growth.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 2.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 9, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.10: Describe the four stages of the demographic transition. 18

19. Dependency ratios are highest in
Africa.
South America.
Europe.
North America.
East Asia.

20. Dependency ratios are highest in
Africa.
South America.
Europe.
North America.
East Asia.
Explanation:
With the highest birth rates, Africa—and other places in stage 2 of the Demographic Transition—has a large proportion of dependents among its population.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 2.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 4, 9, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.10: Describe the four stages of the demographic transition. 20

21. FIGURE 2-15 POPULATION UNDER AGE 15 Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest percentage of persons under age 15.

22. Which stage of the Epidemiologic Transition is characterized by a decreasing number of deaths from infectious diseases and a rising toll from degenerative diseases?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Stage 5

23. Which stage of the Epidemiologic Transition is characterized by a decreasing number of deaths from infectious diseases and a rising toll from degenerative diseases?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Stage 5
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 2.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 9, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.14: Summarize the four stages of the epidemiologic transition.
Explanation:
Infectious diseases characterize stages 1 and 2. Stage 5 marks the resurgence of infectious and parasitic diseases. 23

24. The most lethal global epidemic disease in recent years has been
tuberculosis.
malaria.
AIDS.
SARS.
Ebola.
Answer: C

25. The most lethal global epidemic disease in recent years has been
tuberculosis.
malaria.
AIDS.
SARS.
Ebola.
Explanation:
While tuberculosis and malaria are deadly killers, none of the choices exceeds the global destruction caused by AIDS.
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 2.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 4, 9, and 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 2.14: Summarize the four stages of the epidemiologic transition. 25

26. FIGURE 2-36 DIFFUSION OF HIV/AIDS The highest rates of HIV infection are in sub-Saharan Africa and Russia.

27. Which of these continents has the highest agricultural density?
Asia
Australia
Europe
South America
North America

28. Which of these continents has the highest agricultural density?
Asia
Australia
Europe
South America
North America
Explanation:
China, India, and other Asian countries still have a large percentage of the workforce that are farmers.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 2.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 2 & 11
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Learning Outcome 2.5: Define agricultural density. 28

29. FIGURE 2-7 AGRICULTURAL DENSITY The highest agricultural densities are found in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The lowest are in North America, Europe, and South Pacific.

30. Which of these continents has the highest crude death rate?
Asia
Australia
Europe
South America
North America

31. Which of these continents has the highest crude death rate?
Asia
Australia
Europe
South America
North America
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 2.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 2 & 4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Learning Outcome 2.8: Describe how births and deaths are measured through the CDR.
Explanation:
Europe’s overall population is older than any other continent. 31

32. FIGURE 2-13 CRUDE DEATH RATE (CDR) The global pattern of CDRs varies from those for the other demographic variables already mapped in this chapter. The demographic transition helps to explain the distinctive distribution of CDRs.