1. Human Geography Preview Section 1: Population Geography
World Geography Today
4/4/2019
Human Geography
Preview
Section 1: Population Geography
Section 2: Cultural Geography
Section 3: World Languages and Religions
Chapter Wrap-Up
Chapter 5

2. Section 1: Population Geography
Read to Discover
How do geographers study population?
What are some important trends in world population?

3. Section 1: Population Geography
Studying Population
To study relationships between populations and environments, geographers use statistics:
• Maps • Population pyramids
• Graphs • Spatial perspective
Key statistics:
• Population density • Population change
• Population distribution • Natural increase

4. Section 1: Population Geography
World Population Trends
World population is increasing rapidly.
Economic development results in lower population growth rates.
Many less-developed nations are gradually reducing population growth.
Population projections vary, but future population-related challenges are inevitable.

5. Section 1: Population Geography
Question
What technological improvements have led to the world’s population growth?

6. Section 1: Population Geography
Reasons for Population Increases
Medical advances lead to better health care, which allows people to live longer.
Agricultural advances lead to increased food production, which allows more people to live in an area.
Sanitation advances lead to cleaner living conditions, which help people stay healthy.

7. Section 2: Cultural Geography
Read to Discover
How do geographers study culture?
How do cultures change over time?

8. Section 2: Cultural Geography
Studying Culture
Culture Traits—Activities and behaviors common to groups of people, such as reading, doing math, and methods of eating; many culture traits are linked
Culture Regions—Areas in which people share culture traits

9. Section 2: Cultural Geography
Question
How would you describe the following traits of your own culture?

10. Section 2: Cultural Geography
Religion
Government
Education
Language
Culture Traits
Economy
Housing
Clothing
Food

11. Section 2: Cultural Geography
How Cultures Change
Cultures change over time through general processes such as communication, migration, war, and trade.
Key concepts:
Innovation—Adoption of new and useful ideas
Diffusion—Spread of ideas
Globalization—Worldwide adoption of traits
Traditionalism—Maintenance of traditions

12. Section 3: World Languages and Religions
Read to Discover
What is the geography of the world’s languages?
What are the three main types of religions that geographers identify?

13. Section 3: World Languages and Religions
Geography of Languages
Languages have spatial characteristics; they are linked to specific regions and people.
Languages are divided into families and branches.
Geographers study the origins and spread of languages.

14. Section 3: World Languages and Religions
Types of Religions
Ethnic—Focus on one ethnic group; examples: Hinduism, Judaism, Confucianism, Taoism
Animist—Focus on spirits and forces of nature; often have ethnic basis; common in traditional societies
Universalizing—Seek worldwide following; examples: Islam, Christianity

15. Section 3: World Languages and Religions
Question
What are examples of each of the three main types of religions identified by geographers?

16. Section 3: World Languages and Religions Universalizing Religions
Ethnic Religions
Animist Religions
• Confucianism • Hinduism • Judaism • Shintoism • Taoism
• Traditional religions
• Christianity • Islam

17. Chapter Wrap-Up Understanding the Main Ideas
World Geography Today
4/4/2019
Chapter Wrap-Up Understanding the Main Ideas
What do population geographers use to study population patterns and trends?
What factors influence migration?
What are culture traits? What is one example of how culture traits vary from place to place?
Why is language fundamental to culture?
Why is religion fundamental to culture?
Chapter 5