1. Presented by Lydia Ngugi |nguginlydia@gmail.com
CAPACITY BUILDING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION IN THE MARITIME SHIPPING INDUSTRY
Future of Shipping: How It Will Drive Efficiency Innovation in the Maritime Shipping Industry
MTCC-Africa Ghana National Workshop | 04th -05th February | Tema, Ghana
Presented by Lydia Ngugi
The Global MTCC Network (GMN) project is funded by the European Union and implemented by IMO
The views expressed in this presentation can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union

2. THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Shipping is a global industry and the harmful emissions created from shipping fleets affect many regions worldwide.
As a consequence the marine industry will in the coming years face tougher legislation on emissions around the world.
These rules and regulations will force the marine industry to make difficult choices, however the benefits are a much cleaner air, resulting in a greener future for us all.

3. European Union Directives
International Maritime Organization’s MARPOL Annex VI regulation 4 as detailed in resolution MEPC 184(59) to the European Union Directives 2005/33/ EC and 1999/32/EC. Some areas may also be faced with national or local rules.
Business as usual is no longer an option. To comply with incoming rules, ship owners must switch to costly low Sulphur fuel, or choose abatement technology

4. EXISTING & FUTURE REGULATIONS ON EMISSIONS TO AIR
E.C.A
1% Sulphur Emissions (S) in E.C.A.
4.5% (S) Worldwide, 0.1% S(2005/33/European Commission)
2012
3.5% Sulphur Emissions Worldwide
Low
2015
0.1% Sulphur Emissions in Environmental Control Areas
% Sulphur Emissions Worldwide: END “GREEN” GOAL

5. EXISTING & FUTURE REGULATIONS ON EMISSIONS TO AIR
TODAY
North Sea, English Channel
Baltic Sea, North America
2014
Puerto Rico
US Virgin Islands
FUTURE
Worldwide
Continental Clean Up

6. INTEGRATED COMPLIANT SOLUTIONS FOR ALL SHIP TYPES
Exhaust Gas Cleaning Technology (E.G.C.T) is an economical and environmentally friendly solution for tackling all new and existing rules and regulations and are designed to provide flexibility and reliable operations wherever you operate.
Exhaust Gas Cleaning meets the highest standards of compliance; recognised as a viable technology by: the IMO, the European Union.

7. OPEN LOOP SCRUBBER SYSTEM
Exhaust gas enters the scrubber and is sprayed with seawater in three different stages.
The sulphur oxide in the exhaust reacts with water and forms sulphuric acid.
Chemicals are not required since the natural alkalinity of seawater neutralises the acid.
Wash water from the scrubber is treated and monitored at the inlet and outlet to ensure that it conforms with the MEPC 184(59) discharge criteria. It can then be discharged into the sea with no risk of harm to the environment.

8. CLOSED LOOP SCRUBBER SYSTEM the wash water is being circulated within the scrubber.
Exhaust gas enters the scrubber and is sprayed with fresh water that has been mixed with caustic soda (NaOH).
The sulphur oxides in the exhaust react with this mixture and are thereby neutralised. A small bleed-off is extracted from the closed loop and treated to fulfil requirements stipulated by IMO.
Cleaned effluents can safely be discharged overboard with no harm to the environment. If operation in zero discharge mode is requested, the effluent can be led to a holding tank for scheduled and periodical discharge.

9. Future Shipping Business Efficiency
1. INITIAL PHASE:INFORMATION COLLECTION, SHIP DETAILS
4.ENGINEERING AND PROCUREMENT, INSTALLATIONS 6.
APPROVALS FROM FLAG/ CLASS
CREW TRAININGS 5.
CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION
2. FEASIBILITY/CONCEPT ENGINEERING, SHIP SURVEY 3.
BASIC ENGINEERING, PLANNING
APPROVALS AND COMMISSIONING
COMMISIONING/ HAND OVER

12. The IMO has decided that the 0
The IMO has decided that the 0.5% global sulphur cap for ship fuel will be implemented from 1 January 2020.
The decision is final, will not be subject to re-negotiation, and has thus provided certainty to the maritime and bunker industries on regulatory conditions.

14. THANK YOU!

15. MTCC-Africa Consortium Members
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT)
Kenya Maritime Authority (KMA)
Kenya Ports Authority (KPA)
Host Institution