1. Examining rhetorical strategies used to convey purpose
AP Language
Rhetorical Essay
Examining rhetorical strategies used to convey purpose

2. Standards W
Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. RL
Cite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. RL
Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in the text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone, including words with multiple meanings.
Sources:
Great Speeches for Better Speaking
JFKlibrary.org
AmericanRhetoric.com

3. Inaugural Address Jan. 20, 1961

4. -Michael E. Eidenmuller, Ph.D., Univ. of Texas
“Most content that we remember, and even cherish, has been styled in a way calculated to evoke those feelings”
-Michael E. Eidenmuller, Ph.D., Univ. of Texas
Founder of
AmericanRhetoric.com

5. Vision/purpose of JFK’s “Inaugural Address”, 1961
studying rhetorical strategies

6. While reading speech, consider the following rhetorical strategies in light of Kennedy’s vision/purpose …
Rhetorical Strategies
Annotate Speech While Reading…
Alliteration: repetition of same consonant sound Anaphora: repetition of word or phrase at beginning of successive lines/phrases/clauses Antithesis: opposing ideas in adjacent phrases/clauses (forces us to make sense of the idea in opposing terms) Parallelism: arrangementn of words, phrases, clauses side by side, making them similar in form (often antithesis is accompanied by parallelism)
Metaphor: comparison of two unlike ideas/things Allusion: a reference to a historical event, literary piece, mythology, Bible, current event, pop icon Paradox: statement that seems contradictory, yet has a rational meaning Asyndeton: deliberately omitting conjunctions

7. Examples of rhetorical strategies …
Alliteration: searched, seized, and sunk Anaphora: type of repetition As I walk toward the valley As I walk toward the hill As I walk toward the tomb … Antithesis: juxtaposing contrasting ideas “One small step for man; one giant leap for mankind” -Neil Armstrong
Parallelism: “Tell me and I forget. Teach me and I may remember. Involve me and I will learn. –B. Franklin Metaphor: Her voice is music to his ears Allusion: “To everything, there is a season…” Paradox: “Love is war” Asyndeton: “I came, I saw, I conquered”

8. Sharing Desktop… Accept both files and print each, if possible
Annotate speech while listening to recording
(regarding rhetorical strategies listed)

9. What is JFK’s Vision/purpose?

10. JFK’S VISION/PURPOSE? Now, your turn …

11. In 10 minutes, we will discuss each strategy / slide prepared.
Assignment: Each student is assigned one of the eight rhetorical strategies. Go to assigned slide with designated strategy, find example, prepare slide including quote, analysis, and application to JFK’s vision/purpose in his Inaugural Address.
In 10 minutes, we will discuss each strategy / slide prepared.

12. Connection to vision/purpose
Alliteration
Quote/Analysis
Connection to vision/purpose

13. Connection to vision/purpose
Anaphora
Quote/Analysis
Connection to vision/purpose

14. Connection to vision/purpose
Antithesis
Quote/Analysis
Connection to vision/purpose

15. Parallelism
Quote
Analysis

16. Connection to vision/purpose
Metaphor
Quote/Analysis
Connection to vision/purpose

17. Connection to vision/purpose
Allusion
Quote/Analysis
Connection to vision/purpose

18. Connection to vision/purpose
Paradox
Quote/Analysis
Connection to vision/purpose

19. Connection to vision/purpose
Asyndeton
Quote/Analysis
Connection to vision/purpose

20. Possible AP Prompt?

21. Vision/purpose?
Discuss John F. Kennedy’s vision/purpose in his January 21, 1961 Inaugural Address analyzing rhetorical strategies used to convey this remarkable message to the citizens of the United States of America.
3-4 rhetorical strategies
Include quote, relation to purpose, analyze meaning
500 words (approximately)
If time permits, revise:
diction, voice, syntax, structure of ideas
… to provide hope and inspiration for a brighter future and encouraging each citizen to be a part in making the powerful nation of America, even better!

22. Rhetorical Strategies in JFK’s “Inaugural Address”
Alliteration: “pay any price …” Anaphora: “not because the communists may be doing it, not because …” Antithesis: “Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate.” Parallelism: “If a free society cannot help… cannot help…”
Metaphor: “…energy, faith, devotion… will light our country…” Allusion: “undo the heavy burdens and let the oppressed go free” (Isaiah) Paradox: “Only when our arms are sufficient… can we be certain That they will never be employed” Asyndeton: “…pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend …”
Rhetorical Strategies in JFK’s “Inaugural Address”

23. We are getting close to May 13!
Thank you for your interactive participation in this activity today, and hopefully YOU feel better prepared regarding the structure of the Rhetorical Essay!
We are getting close to May 13!
Have YOU delivered the order form to your district area high school for your AP LANGUAGE EXAM ??
DUE FEB.6TH!!

24. Have a WONDERFUL week. I appreciate your participation immensely
Have a WONDERFUL week! I appreciate your participation immensely! Karen Church AP Language