1. FOOD SAFETY SYSTEM IN SUDAN
Prepared by
Sirageldin Mustafa Mohamed AHMED
Environmental Health and Food Safety Adviser
Federal Ministry of Health

2. INTRODUCTION Sudan covers an area of 1,881,000 square kilometers
It has boundaries with Egypt, Libya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Central African Republic, Chad and Southern Sudan.
It has a coastline of 835 Km
The only Seaport is Port Sudan located on the Red Sea in the north east

3. INTRODUCTION
+The Capital Khartoum is located in the northern half of the country km from the sea port
The population is 33,419,625 after the separation of the Southern Sudan.

4. EVOLUTION OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
+- Food inspection in the Federal republic of Sudan is the responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Health (Directorate of Environmental Health and Food Control – FOOD CONTROL SECTION) through the Public Health Officers and their assistant i.e sanitary overseers and assistant sanitary overseers. ( 2 years – 6 months)
- Food inspection is part of the responsibility of Public Health Officers who are also responsible for environmental health services in their specified areas.

5. EVOLUTION OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
+-Public Health Officers are university graduates with B.Sc in Public and Environmental Health
Public Health Officers besides officers from other authorized institutions are responsible for the inspection of food at all stages
Concerning the LEGAL frame, Sudan depends for along time on the Public Health Act which covers all aspects of public health with a very few centralized articles dealing with food hygiene issues.

6. OVERVIEW OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
 FOOD-BORNE DISEASES SURVEILLANCE
Food-borne disease surveillance is carried out by The Federal Ministry of Health ( Department of Epidemiology)
Statistics available on food-borne diseases in Sudan are not well analyzed and documented .
 LABORATORY SUPPORT SERVICES FOR FOOD HAZARDS
The existing laboratory support services in regulatory agencies include : radiation, pathogens, mycotoxins, heavy metals , pesticides and veterinary drugs residues

7. EVOLUTION OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
+-Each STATE has its own Environmental Health Ordinance which regulates all activities of environmental health including food safety inspection and control.
In 1973 The Peoples Assembly Passed a FEDERAL act called Food Control Act which gives power to the Federal Authority to supervise food control activities all over the country and to regulate exports and imports.

8. EVOLUTION OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
In accordance with the Food control Act 1973, the Minister of Health issued the following regulations:
 RESTRICTION OF ADDITION OF FOOD ADDITIVES 1977
It regulates the addition of food additives such as
preservatives, flavours, thickening agents,.. etc. and it contains
a list of permitted food additives and their recommended
maximum levels . This list is subjected to periodical revision.
 GENERAL HEALTH REQUIREMENTS OF FOOD PROCESSING
ESTABLISHMENTS 1977
It deals with hygienic requirements of buildings,
equipments, utensils, and food handlers in big food
establishments whereas small scale food establishments
are covered by local ordinances

9. EVOLUTION OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
 PREPACKED FOOD REGISTRATION 1978
Any processed pre-packed food, whether it is imported or
locally produced , must be registered by the registration
committee before it is permitted for sale.
 INSPECTION, SAMPLING AND ANALYSISI 1980
It gives the Food Inspectors the authority to enter any food
establishment . In addition to sampling procedures, quantities
of samples, and methods of analysis.

10. EVOLUTION OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation plays a vital
role in controlling the agricultural products by conducting continuous campaigns of awareness to producers encouraging them to implement GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE GAP and by enforcement of its different Acts and regulations such as
 Federal Pesticide and Pest Control Act 1994
 Federal Agricultural Fertilizers Act 2010
 Federal Seeds and Species Protection Act 2010

11. EVOLUTION OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
The Federal Ministry of Animal Resources , Fisheries and Ranges has got its own mandate. It carries out inspection in the field of animals , fish and fishery products and enforce the following Acts and regulations:
 Federal Animal Skin and Hides Act 1956
 Federal meat Inspection Act 1974
 Federal Veterinary Health Quarantine for Exported and
imported Live Animals and Meat 2004

12. EVOLUTION OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
The Sudanese Standards and Metrology organization (SSMO) was established in the year 1992 and since then the SSMO has taken over the full responsibility of issuing all commodity standards including food,
The organization issued more than 1,000 food standards following CODEX and ISO recommendations.
The bulk of work of food safety in Sudan is now carried by SSMO and the standards issued cover all types of commodities, code of practices, guidelines , sanitary requirements and measures of food establishments and transportation vehicles.

13. OVERVIEW OF FOOD SAFETY IN SUDAN
 HUMAN RESOURCES
Human resource capacity is inadequate in term of food safety management tools such as HACCP and risk analysis amongst food inspectors and food safety managers in micro, small and some medium enterprises
 STANDARDS AND TECHNICAL COMMITTEES
Standards are prepared by technical committees according to well-established procedures of the SSMO. These technical committees have members from various stakeholders, which include industries, business, research centers universities, ministries, labor associations, consumer protection associations and experts. That to guarantee wide range of consultation

14. FOOD CHAIN APPROACH

15. MYCOTOXINS The most important mycotoxins in Sudan are as follows:
 AFLATOXIN
 OCHRATOXIN
 FUMONISINS
 ZEARLEONE
 DEOXYNIVALENOL (DON)

16. - SORGHUM - GROUNDNUTS - COTTON SEEDS - B1 B2 - M1 M2 - G1 G2
ALFATOXIN
- SORGHUM
- GROUNDNUTS
- COTTON SEEDS
- B1 B2
- M1 M2
- G1 G2

17. ALFATOXIN - MOTHER MILK - COW MILK - OILS - ANIMAL FEED - CEREALS
- ANIMAL FEED - CAKES

18. ALFATOXIN - ALFATOXIN IN SORGHUM SURVEILLANCE PROJECT IN SUDAN
- CODEX TRUST FUND
- SUDAN , ETHIOPIA – MALI BURKINAFASO
- SAMPLE COLLECTION FROM ALL CONCERNED ARES
- Field
- Storage
- Market
- Processing establishments
- Samples will be tested in BELGIUM
- Steering Committee from
- SSMO
- Ministry of Health
- Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation
- Ministry of Foreign Trade

19. ALFATOXIN - ALFATOXIN IN SORGHUM SURVEILLANCE PROJECT IN SUDAN
- CODEX TRUST FUND
- SUDAN , ETHIOPIA – MALI BURKINAFASO
- SAMPLE COLLECTION FROM ALL CONCERNED ARES
- Field
- Storage
- Market
- Processing establishments
SUDAN FINAL REPORT WILL BE READY SOON