1. By: Zonas Juniga, Bryan Rodriguez, Yasir Mohammed
Boron Group
By: Zonas Juniga, Bryan Rodriguez, Yasir Mohammed

2. Boron group: Physical and Chemical characteristics
Group 13 is called the Boron family. It consists of 5 elements: Boron, Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, and Thallium. The most common property that they all share is that each element has 3 electrons in the outer shell of their structure. The neutral compounds of group 13 lack electrons.

3. Boron
Pure crystalline Boron is a black semiconductor. On Mohs scale, it is ranked at 9.3, but too brittle to be used in tools. It has an atomic number of 5, and an atomic weight of Anybody can come across boron, as it is found only in the crust. The mineral boron is a nutrient that has vitally important roles in metabolism which makes it necessary for all living things. The boiling point for boron is 7,101 degrees fahrenheit while the melting point of boron is 3,769 degrees fahrenheit.

4. Aluminum
Aluminum is a metallic element with an atomic number of 13 and atomic weight of Such precious stones as ruby, sapphire, aquamarine and emerald are also aluminium minerals. Aluminum can be found in the earth's crust and it is always found combined with other elements such as oxygen, silicon, and fluoride. Some small amounts of Aluminum can be found dissolved in water. It is light in weight and silvery-white in appearance. It can be used for making beverage cans, pots, pans, etc. Aluminum is low on density, the boiling point for Aluminum is 4,478°F and melting point is 1,221°F.

5. Gallium
Gallium is silver but pure gallium is very bright. Gallium has an atomic number of 31 and a atomic weight of The boiling point of gallium is 3,999 degrees fahrenheit, while the melting point is degrees fahrenheit. The density of Gallium is 5.92 grams per cubic centimeter. Gallium is solid at room temperature but will melt in your hand. It can combine with most non-metals at high temperature. Gallium can be found in the minerals of Earth's crust.

6. Indium
Indium is a silvery metal that is so soft it can be scratched with a fingernail and bent into nearly any shape. In nature Indium can be really hard to find and almost always found as a trace element in other minerals. It has a low melting point that is degrees Fahrenheit. Its density is 7.31 grams per cubic centimeter and its atomic number is 49. The boiling point for Indium is 3,761 degrees Fahrenheit. It is vital to the world's economy in the form of indium tin oxide (ITO) because ITO remains the best material to fill the growing need for liquid crystal displays in touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.

7. Thallium
Thallium is a soft element that can be sliced with a knife. It has an atomic number of 81 and has a boiling point of 2,683.4 degrees Fahrenheit and a melting point of degrees fahrenheit. Thallium is a toxic metal and should not come into direct contact. Thallium is found as a mineral in the elements crook site, lorandite. Thallium sulfate has been used as a rodent killer and ant killer because it is tasteless and odorless, it is also used for infrared equipment, low melting glasses and other things. Thallium salts have also been used to treat skin diseases. When isolated thallium resembles tin, but loses its color when exposed to air.

8. 5 B
Boron 49 In
Indium 31 Ga
Gallium 13 Al
Aluminum 81 Tl
Thallium

9. What is the atomic number of boron.

10. Which element can melt in your hand?
Aluminum
Thallium
Indium
Gallium

11. Which of these can get scratched easily with your fingernail?
Boron
Thallium
Indium
Gallium

12. Which of these are toxic (1 answer)
Thallium
Gallium
Boron
Indium

13. Links https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele049.html