1. NOTES: Causes of the Civil War

2. 1) Missouri Compromise 1820
land north of 36’30 = free; Maine added as free
South of line = slave state; Missouri also
All new land will be free

3. 2) Wilmot Proviso
Bill that would have made slavery illegal in territory won during the Mexican War
BUT, never approved… still undecided on what to do about slavery in the new territory

4. 3) Compromise of 1850 WE GET TO CHOOSE!!! California = free state
Territories of NM & UT would decide for themselves (vote) whether slavery would be legal (popular sovereignty)
Fugitive Slave Act = ordered all citizens to assist in the return of run away slaves.

5. Time Out!! What are the provisions of the Missouri Compromise?
What was the Wilmot Proviso? Was it successful?
What are the provisions of the Compromise of 1850? What issue was it trying to solve?
What was the Fugitive Slave Act? How did this cause more tension between the North and South?

6. Uncle Tom’s Cabin - 1852 Harriet Beecher Stowe
Book that showed the evils of slavery, and showed slaves as real people
“So this is the little lady who made this big war?” … Lincoln to Stowe upon first meeting

7. 5) Kansas – Nebraska Act 1854
WE GET TO CHOOSE TOO!!!
WE GET TO CHOOSE!!!
Overturns Missouri Compromise (gave north too much power)
KS & NE use popular sovereignty

8. 4. Who do you think this cartoonist sympathizes with and why?
Murder!!! Help – neighbors, help, O my poor wife and children
4. Who do you think this cartoonist sympathizes with and why?
HINT: Who are they for and who are they making fun of?
3. A platform is a document describing the ideals of a political party. Judging by the cartoon, what was an important element of the democratic platform?
2. What is a freesoiler?
1. What term is used when the “slave question” was to be decided by the people’s vote?

9. 7) Bleeding Kansas -1856
Border ruffians cross into territory to influence elections
John Brown retaliated by executing slave owners
"These men are all talk. What we need is action - action!" - John Brown
Preston Brooks (southern democrat) attacking Charles Sumner (northern republican) in the US Senate -- Sumner had given a fiery speech to the U.S. Senate which included insulting remarks concerning a member of Brooks' family; in retaliation, Brooks hit Sumner with his cane, which put him in a hospital for nearly five months

10. Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

11. 8) Dred Scott Decision - 1857 Scott vs. Sanford
Slave sued for his freedom  Supreme Court rules slaves are NOT citizens, slaves are property!!!
SLAVES = PROPERTY

12. John Brown’s Raid 1859 Attacked a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, VA
Plan to give weapons to slaves
Brown captured & sentenced to be hanged
President Abraham Lincoln said he was a "misguided fanatic" and Brown has been called "the most controversial of all 19th-century Americans.

13. John Brown: Madman or Martyr?

14. Time Out!!
5. What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act say? 6. What is popular sovereignty? 7. Why did the Kansas-Nebraska Act lead to violence? Who was John Brown? What role did he play in the failure of popular sovereignty? (what did he do?) 8. Who was Dred Scott? Why did he believe he should be freed? What was the Supreme Court ruling on his case?

15. Election of 1860
Lincoln offered moderate views on slavery; He said he didn’t want it to expand, but would allow it to continue where it already was
Captured the presidency w/o a single electoral vote in the south – a sectional victory

16. 1860
Election
Results

17. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

18. 10) Confederate States of America - 1861
Outraged by election
Secessionists – wanted the south to secede, argued that since the states had voluntarily joined the US, they could choose to leave it
South Carolina was the first

19. “Stars & Bars” – Confederate Flag
Jefferson Davis
Jefferson Davis was their president

20. Why do you think the border states would not secede?

21. 11) Ft. Sumter
Federal fort (owned by Union) in Charleston, SC (Confederate territory)
Confederates ordered fort to surrender … Union refused  battle
By firing on federal (union) property, the Confederates had committed an act of open rebellion  Lincoln had to respond

23. CIVIL
WAR

24. Time Out!! Vocabulary that you should have done!!! Compromise of 1850
Fugitive Slave Act
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Popular Sovereignty
Dred Scott Case
John Brown’s Raid
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Election of 1860
Secession
Fort Sumter