1. MUN 4 You have 20 minutes to work on your timeline for Iran!
Turn in China review sheets if you didn’t go to MUNSA.
Any news out of Mexico?

3. Political Institutions in Iran

4. Main Idea All about a mix between theocracy and democracy
So in what ways is Iran's government legitimate today???
Does not fit a 3 branch system
Most important aspect—Jurist’s Guardianship
Gives the clergy and religious leaders authority over the community

5. Dual Executive Iran has a dual executive.
What other country(s) also have a dual executive?

6. Supreme Leader Imam for the entire Iranian community Rule for life
Faqih—Leading Islamic scholar to interpret sharia law
Links the 3 branches of government and determines “the interest of Islam.”
Sources of legitimacy
Constitutional
Revolutionary
Religious
Military (more authority than legitimacy)

7. Powers of the Supreme Leader
Head of state
The Supreme Leader can:
Eliminate Presidential Candidates
Dismiss the President
Command the armed forces
Declare war and peace
Appoint judges
Nominate 6 members of Guardian Council (half)
Appoint leaders of radio-tv stations
Women can run for president, but have never been allowed to

8. Guardian Council 12 male clerics
6 appointed by Supreme Leader, 6 nominated by chief justice (approved by majiles nominated by Supreme Leader!)
Review all bills passed by majiles (Congress) to make sure they conform to Islam
Decide who can compete in elections (Presidential and majiles)
Disqualify thousands every election
Play huge role in jurist’s guardianship
6 year terms

9. Assembly of Religious Experts
86 men elected by direct elections
Elect the Supreme Leader (can dismiss him)
Must be approved by Guardian Council (half elected by Supreme Leader)
Rafsanjani—Surprisingly elected as leader as a reformist, but short term (pressured out)
8 year terms
Moderates won 15/16 seats in Tehran, 59% overall in 2016

10. The Expediency Council
32 members, all appointed by Supreme Leader
President, chief justice, speaker of Majiles, 6 jurists from Guardian Council
Collectively, the most powerful people in Iran
Guardian Council and Majiles argue constantly over laws
Expediency Council set up to referee their disputes
Now, can also create their own legislation

11. Executive branch Presidential, not parliamentary elections
Elected by direct elections (highest elected official in Iran)
Head of government
Can
Create govt. budget
Supervise economy
Propose legislation
Execute policy
Sign treaties
Select VP
Appoint governors

14. The Legislature (Majiles)
Been around since 1906 (wow)
290 seats
2000 election—70 reformists elected
2004—What do you think the Guardian Council did?
Still has power to:
Create laws
Compromise with Guardian Council
Appoint 6 members of Guardian Council
Approve budget
Remove cabinet ministers

15. The Judiciary Decides two types of law
Qunun—Man’s law (laws without religious meaning)
Sharia—Religious law (higher than qunun)
Chief Justice—Has to be a cleric
No judicial review, because Islam decides everything
Who decides what Islam’s position is?

16. Law in Iran Sharia law and Qanun law
Qanun—non-religious laws passed by Majles (must not contradict Islam)
Retribution Law— “Blood Money”—Compensation for a death caused by your family
Death penalty for: Adultery, homosexuality, drug dealing, alcoholism
Slowly becoming more Western
Jaunary 13—three people executed for armed robbery
January year old man executed for sodomy

17. Military Revolutionary Guard—Appointed by Ayatollah
Defend the revolution
Basij—Organization within the Guard that acts as brutal police force
2009 election
Military—Defend the borders
Also appointed by Ayatollah

19. White Board Review!
These different parts of Iranian government are tough.
Let’s practice with white boards

20. This organization is responsible for appointing the Supreme Leader, and theoretically for removing him.

21. This group reviews all laws passed by the Majiles to make sure they don’t violate Islam. They also get to eliminate any candidates for office they don’t like.

22. This position is the head of every day affairs in Iran.

23. This position is the head of state in Iran, but certainly isn’t a figurehead like the queen of England.

24. This group has existed since the shah’s reign, and can create legislation.

25. This is the highest office elected by direct elections in Iran.

26. This group is responsible for protecting the revolution in Iran…and shooting protesters.

27. This type of law is always superceded by sharia.

28. These men (always men in Iran) settle disputes between the Guardian Council and Majiles.

29. This is the concept that the clergy has the right to rule all citizens in Iran.

30. This man is the boss of all bosses.

31. FRQ—2011 #1, 2014 #8, 2015 #3