1. Unit 2 Notes: Everything on the Periodic Table

2. (1) The Periodic Table A chart
Organizes the different types of elements by various characteristics:
Reactivity
Average Atomic Mass
Metal vs. Non-Metal
Bonding Properties

4. (2) Mendeleev First Chemist to notice element patterns.
Created a primitive version of our periodic table.

5. (3) Atoms vs. Elements Atom: The most basic unit of matter.
Made of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Element: A specific type of atom, classified by its number of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Examples:
Carbon and Oxygen are both types of atoms.
Carbon has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons.
Oxygen has 8 protons, 8 neutrons and 8 electrons.

6. (4) Groups vs. Periods Group: Vertical Column in the periodic table.
Examples: 1A, 2A, 5A, etc.
Period: Horizontal row in the periodic table.
Examples: Row 1, 2, 3, etc.

7. (5) Atomic Mass: Atomic Mass:
The weight of that single element on earth.
Measured in grams.
Mass of the atom’s protons + neutrons.
Table Patterns:
Left  Right: Atomic Mass Increases
Top  Bottom: Atomic Mass Increases
Heaviest = Bottom Right
Lightest = Top Left

8. (6) Reactivity
Reactivity: How easily an element/atom will react with other substances.
Table Patterns:
Left  Right: No real reactivity patterns.
Top  Bottom: Increases on the Left Side
Top  Bottom: Decreases on the Right Side

9. (7) Metals & Non-Metals
Metals: Elements found on the Left side of the periodic table (generally solids).
Non-Metals: Elements found on the Right side of the periodic table.
The Stair Case: A Zig-Zag line which separates the metals from non-metals.
Metalloids = Elements directly along the staircase.

10. (8) Group Names: Alkali Metals = Group 1A
Alkaline Earth Metals = Group 2A
Halogens = Group 7A
Noble Gases = Group 8A
Transition Elements = Middle
Lanthanides & Actinides = 2 rows of elements beneath the table

11. Noble Gases
Alkali Metals
Halogens
Alkaline Earth Metals
Transition Elements
Lanthanides & Actinides