1. Ions and Ionic Bonding

2. 2 Types of Ions:
1. Cation- atoms LOSE electrons and become more positive (because they have less electrons
All metals are cations

3. 2. Anion- atoms GAIN electrons and become more negative (because they have more electrons)
All nonmetals are anions

4. CATion is a positively charged ion

5. AN(T)ion is a negatively charged ion

6. So find Barium…
How many valence electrons does it have?:
Will it be easier to lose 2 or gain 6 to have a full octet?

7. So find Oxygen…
How many valence electrons does it have?:
Will it be easier to lose 6 or gain 2 to have a full octet?

8. Label periodic table Group 1A will have +1 charge
Group 4A will have +4 or -4 charge
Group 5A will have -3charge
Group 6A will have -2 charge
Group 7A will have -1 charge
Group 8A will have charge

9. On page 41
Element
Write ion
Cation or Anion? K Cl Mg N

10. Is it a metal or nonmetal?
Naming ions
Ba2+
Is it a metal or nonmetal?
Metal
Then it is the name of the metal and ion at the end--- Barium ion

11. Is it a metal or nonmetal?
Naming ions
O2-
Is it a metal or nonmetal?
Nonmetal
Then change the ending to ide
Oxide ion

12. On page 41
Element
Write ion
Name the ions Sr Al Cl P

13. Transition metals
Transition metals can have multiple charges. The roman numeral represents the charge of the ion
Example:
Fe3+ or Fe2+
The name would be Iron (III) ion and Iron (II) ion

14. Element Write ion Cation or anion
On page 41
Element
Write ion
Cation or anion
Chromium (IV)
Cobalt (II)
Manganese (III)
Copper (I)

15. Polyatomic ions
A group of elements that function as one unit and carry a charge
Examples
Sulfate SO42-
See polyatomic ion chart.

16. Elements want a noble gas configuration.
Ionic Bonds
Elements want a noble gas configuration.
Elements either gain or lose electrons to gain noble gas configuration.
Look at Na and Cl

18. Criss Cross Method
Example: Sodium combines with chlorine

19. Page 44 Rules for ion dice
Find a partner with the opposite charged ion dice that you have (if you have positive, find a negative partner)
Copy the chart on next slide on page 43 to record your answers
When you and your partner are finished I will come check your work and stamp your unit sheet

20. Reason Why compound could not be made
Role
Is Compound able to be made?
Yes or No
Cation symbol
(+)
Anion symbol
(-)
Compound Made
(criss cross)
Name of the compound
Reason Why compound could not be made 1
If No, proceed to last column 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

21. Page 46 Molecular compounds
Involve the sharing of electrons
Uses differences in electronegativies
Electronegativity-the tendency of an element to pull other electrons towards itself
What elements have no electronegativity?

22. Molecular compounds are…
made of just nonmetals
smallest piece is a molecule
can’t be held together by opposite charge attraction
can’t use charges to figure out how many of each atom (there are no charges present)

23. Molecular compounds are easier!
Ionic compounds use charges to determine how many of each.
You have to figure out charges.
May need to criss-cross numbers.
Molecular compounds: the name tells you the number of atoms.
Uses prefixes to tell you the exact number of each element present!

24. Prefixes 1 mono- 2 di- 3 tri- 4 tetra- 5 penta- 6 hexa- 7 hepta-
8 octa-

25. Prefixes
9 nona-
10 deca-
To write the name write two words

26. Prefixes Prefix name Prefix name -ide 9 nona- 10 deca-
To write the name write two words
Prefix
name
Prefix
name
-ide

27. Prefixes Prefix name Prefix name -ide 9 nona- 10 deca-
To write the name write two words
One exception is we don’t write mono- if there is only one of the first element.
Prefix
name
Prefix
name
-ide

28. Prefixes Prefix name Prefix name -ide 9 nona- 10 deca-
To write the name write two words
One exception is we don’t write mono- if there is only one of the first element.
No double vowels when writing names (oa oo)
Prefix
name
Prefix
name
-ide

29. Page 45 Name These
N2O
NO2
Cl2O7
CBr4
CO2
BaCl2

30. Page 45 Write formulas for these
diphosphorus pentoxide
tetraiodide nonoxide
sulfur hexaflouride
nitrogen trioxide
Carbon tetrahydride
phosphorus trifluoride
aluminum chloride

31. Writing names and Formulas
Acids
Writing names and Formulas

32. Acids Compounds that give off hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.
Must have H in them.
will always be some H next to an anion.
The anion determines the name.

33. Naming acids
If the anion attached to hydrogen is ends in -ide, put the prefix hydro- and change -ide to -ic acid
HCl - hydrogen ion and chloride ion
hydrochloric acid
H2S hydrogen ion and sulfide ion
hydrosulfuric acid

34. Naming Acids If the anion has oxygen in it it ends in -ate of -ite
change the suffix -ate to -ic acid
HNO3 Hydrogen and nitrate ions
Nitric acid
change the suffix -ite to -ous acid
HNO2 Hydrogen and nitrite ions
Nitrous acid

35. Name these HF
H3P
H2SO4
H2SO3
HCN
H2CrO4

36. Writing Formulas Hydrogen will always be first
name will tell you the anion
make the charges cancel out.
Starts with hydro- no oxygen, -ide
no hydro, -ate comes from -ic, -ite comes from -ous

37. Write formulas for these
hydroiodic acid
acetic acid
carbonic acid
phosphorous acid
hydrobromic acid