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Acute epididymitis induces alterations in sperm protein composition
Adrian Pilatz, M.D., Guenter Lochnit, Ph.D., Srikanth Karnati, Ph.D., Agnieszka Paradowska-Dogan, Ph.D., Tali Lang, Ph.D., Dirk Schultheiss, M.D., Hans-Christian Schuppe, M.D., Hamid Hossain, M.D., Eveline Baumgart-Vogt, Ph.D., Wolfgang Weidner, M.D., Florian Wagenlehner, M.D. Fertility and Sterility Volume 101, Issue 6, Pages e5 (June 2014) DOI: /j.fertnstert Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Two-dimensional map of proteins that are differentially regulated in spermatozoa after epididymitis. The 33 protein spots with corresponding proteins in normal controls were down-regulated in spermatozoa of patients after epididymitis. The first dimension was performed by isoelectric focusing on pH 3.0–10.0 nl IPG-strips, and the second dimension on 12.5% SDS-PAGE gels. Proteins were visualized by flamingo staining. Proteins were identified using the IPI database. Refer to Table 1 for further information on the identified proteins. Fertility and Sterility , e5DOI: ( /j.fertnstert ) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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Figure 2 Compartmentalization and biologic function of proteins identified in proteome analysis. The study analyzed 35 proteins and grouped them based on (A) subcellular localization and (B) biologic function. Grouping of proteins was determined using information available at UniProt Knowledgebase. Fertility and Sterility , e5DOI: ( /j.fertnstert ) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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Figure 3 Immunofluorescence staining of ATP5B, SOD2, α-tubulin, and tubulin-β2C in the sperm preparations of control and epididymitis patients. Double staining for the mitochondrial marker protein SOD2 combined with ATP5B labeling in control samples (A, B) illustrates mitochondrial localization in the midpiece region of sperm. A strong yellow overlay in the midpiece indicates colocalization of both proteins, confirming ATP5B is localized exclusively to the mitochondria (A, B). ATP5B was down-regulated in sperm preparations of epididymitis patients (E, F). Control sperm preparations stained with α-tubulin (C) and tubulin-β2C (D) show enhanced staining patterns, whereas sperm from epididymitis patients show down-regulated α-tubulin (G) and tubulin-β2C (H). Nuclear counterstaining was performed with TOTO-3-iodide. Bars: A, E: 20 μm; B, F: 10 μm; C, D, G, H: 15 μm. Fertility and Sterility , e5DOI: ( /j.fertnstert ) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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Supplemental Figure 1 Flowchart of patient inclusion.
Fertility and Sterility , e5DOI: ( /j.fertnstert ) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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