1. AGE OF EXPLORATION-TRIANGULAR TRADE & COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE

2. TRIANGULAR TRADE Three-legged international trade network
Linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas
Spanish were the first major European partners in the slave trade
Other Euro countries colonized the Americas→Slave Trade intensified

4. MIDDLE PASSAGE
First Leg---merchant ships brought European goods (guns, cloths, cash) to Africa & traded for slaves
Second Leg (Middle Passage)---slaves were transported to the Americas & exchanged for sugar, molasses & other plantation products owned by Europeans
Third Leg---Merchants carried sugar, molasses, cotton & other American goods (furs, salt fish & rum) to Europe, where they were traded for profit
Profit allowed merchants to collect the goods needed to return to Africa & continue the trade

5. SLAVE TRADE=GOOD BUSINESS
Who benefits?
Merchants & American Colonies
Colonial industries boom (shipbuilding in North, tobacco/sugar processing in South)
Port Cities in Europe & N. America thrive
All made possible b/c of the Atlantic Slave Trade
How many involved? 1500s-2,000/year; 1780s-80,000/year
11 Million+ enslaved Africans brought to the Americas

6. EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CONTACT
The Columbian Exchange
Commercial Revolution
Rise of Mercantilism

7. All starts with Christopher Columbus
COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
All starts with Christopher Columbus
Returned to Spain in 1493 & brought plants & animals found in the Americas
Returned to the new world w/1,200 settlers & a collection of European animals & plants
Begins a vast global exchange that profoundly affected the world

9. COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE Old World (Europe) v. New World (Americas)
Old World---Corn & Potates become staples, helping feed the rapidly growing Euro population
New World---Wheat, grapes, bananas, sugar cane, cattle, pigs, goats, chickens (food), horses & donkeys (transport)
Who benefits more, based on what’s listed above?
What are we not mentioning?

10. COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE & POPULATION
Dispersal of new food crops (corn, potatoes, beans, tomatoes)→Growth in Global Population
Migration of Millions
-Europeans to Americas
-African Slaves to Americas
Native American population dramatically declines
-DISEASE (smallpox, measles)
-War & Conflict

11. COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION
Age of Exploration opened direct links b/w Europe, Africa, Asia & the Americas
Results—Huge Economic Changes!
Emergence of Capitalism
Mercantilism Arises
EXPORT more than you IMPORT to make the most profit...How? COLONIES!

12. MERCANTILISM ARISES
Economic policy-EXPORT more than IMPORT; raise gold/silver supply
Colonies=Cash Cows!
Europeans provided resources & raw materials, colonies were markets for manufactured goods
Colonies could not set up own industries manufacturing goods or trade w/foreign country
Governments imposed tariffs, or taxes on imported goods, to protect local industries from foreign competition

13. CAPITALISM EMERGES
Price Revolution (1500s)-Prices rose across Europe while money supply dramatically increased
Capitalism-Economic system in which most businesses are owned privately
Entrepreneurs, or people who take financial risk to make profits, were the keys to success of capitalism
Expanded trade, increased money supply & push for overseas empires spurred growth of European Capitalism
GLOBAL TRADING NETWORK ESTABLISHED...Never look back!