1. Irish Immigration
Analyze the following political cartoons to understand how the cartoons represent the challenges and responses experienced by Irish immigrants upon their arrival into the US in the years

2. Irish Immigration Years # of immigrants 1820-1830 54,338 1831-1840
207,381
780,719
914,119
435,778
436,871

3. Irish Immigration 1830-1890 Push Factors Pull Factors
Potato crop failures in Ireland ruined the economy and led to the starvation of nearly 1 million Irish 1840’s
Religious discrimination, laws in Ireland (controlled by Great Britain) favored Protestants, even though the population was majority Catholic
Pull Factors
Industry, railroads, canal digging of the Northeast required massive amounts of cheap labor for immigrants to fill

6. THINGS WHICH ROMAN CATHOLIC PRIESTS AND ALL TRUE ROMAN CATHOLICS HATE Providence, July 22, 1854
1. They HATE our Republic, and are trying to overthrow it.
2. They HATE our Flag, and they grossly insulting it.
3. They HATE the liberty of the Press.
4. They HATE the liberty of speech.
5. They HATE our Public School system.
6. They HATE the Bible, and would blot it out of existence if they could!
7. They HATE Protestants, and are sworn to exterminate them from our country and the earth.
8. They HATE all rulers that do not swear allegiance to the Pope of Rome.
9. They HATE to be ruled by Americans, and say “WE WILL NOT BE RULED BY THEM!”
10. They HATE to support their own paupers and they are left to be supported by the tax paying Americans.

8. Challenges Difficult living and working conditions Nativism
Irish lived in crowded parts of cities and did the lowest jobs and were banned from any skilled jobs
Anti-Catholic Sentiment
The United States was largely Protestant at this point (2nd Great Awakening). Irish seen as more loyal to the Pope than they would be to America.
Nativism
Belief created in the mid-1800’s that native born American’s moral and cultural values were under attack from foreign immigrants. Specifically Protestant Americans were being attacked by Catholic immigrants
Political party formed based on this...Know-Nothing Party (American Party)

9. St Domonic’s(Boston) St.Teresa’s (New York)

10. Responses Political Bosses Democratic Party Catholic Church
Irish organized in their communities to support newly arrived immigrants with jobs and places to live in return for votes. Bosses were the rich business owners that controlled all of this
Democratic Party
The Democratic Party tied into these communities and used the Irish as a voting block in return for support on Irish issues
Catholic Church
Irish took over the Catholic Church’s of the Northeast and used them as a cultural center and they tied Parochial Catholic Schools to these churches so they educate their children who were discriminated against in public schools

16. Thomas Nast
Thomas Nast was a political cartoonist who drew all of these cartoons (except the Irish/German one).
How do you think he viewed Emancipation?

19. Symbols? Meaning?