1. Linux Operations and Administration

2. Objectives
Check your system configuration to determine whether it meets openSUSE installation requirements
Describe the benefits of installing an OS on a virtual machine
Summarize the installation phases in openSUSE
Describe features of the GNOME desktop environment
Describe features of the KDE desktop environment

3. Checking Your System Configuration
YaST
Included with OpenSUSE
UI tool to customize the OS during and after installation
System configuration determines how openSUSE is installed
Desktop
Laptop
Server

4. Checking Your System Configuration (cont’d.)
Figure 2-1 An overview of installation steps in YaST

5. Requirements for Installing Linux
Most software installations run more smoothly if computer exceeds the minimum requirements
Minimum requirements
Pentium III 500 MHz or higher processor
512 MB RAM
3 GB free disk space
800 × 600 display resolution

6. Requirements for Installing Linux (cont’d.)
Recommended requirements
Pentium GHz or higher, any AMD64, or an Intel EM64T processor
1 GB RAM
More than 3 GB free disk space
1024 × 768 or higher display resolution

7. The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines
Server farms
Groups of servers networked together in a single location
Virtual machine (VM)
Software container with its own OS, IP address, and applications
Host
Physical computer where the virtual machine runs
Guest
Virtual machine using the host’s physical hardware resources

8. The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines (cont’d.)
Benefits of virtualization:
Run multiple OSs on one machine
Test applications before actually installing them on a host machine
Reduce costs by decreasing the physical hardware that must be purchased for a network
Experiment with untested programs without infecting host machines with viruses or other malware

9. The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines (cont’d.)
Table 2-1
Overview of some virtualization software packages

10. Table 2-1 Virtualization software packages
Linux Operations and Administration

11. Overview of VMware Player
Free application
Create, configure, and run virtual machines on a Windows or Linux system
Requirements for the host machine:
Architecture—Standard x86-compatible or x86-64 with Intel VT or AMD-V–compatible PC
Processor speed—1.3 GHz or faster

12. Overview of VMware Player (cont’d.)
Memory—Minimum 1 GB, but 2 GB or more recommended
Hard disk—At least 1 GB free disk space recommended for each guest OS
Activity 2-1: Downloading VMware Player
Register a VMware account
Download VMware Player 3.0

13. Installing VMware Player on a Windows Host
Use the VMware-player-xxxxxx.exe installation file
xxxxxx represents the version and build numbers
Activity 2-2: Installing VMware Player on a Windows Host
Install VMware Player, a free program for creating, configuring, and running virtual machines

14. Installing OpenSUSE OpenSUSE
Free, open-source Linux OS
Download, install, and use the software at no cost as well as view and change the source code
Download International Organization for Standardization (ISO) image file
ISO image
Archive file containing the contents of a CD or DVD
“Virtual” CD or DVD is a digital replica of a physical CD or DVD

15. Installing OpenSUSE (cont’d.)
Installation divided into three main phases:
Preparation, installation, and configuration
Preparation phase
Interactive
Select the language, time zone, desktop environment, hard disk setup, and user account and password

16. Installing OpenSUSE (cont’d.)
Installation phase
Not interactive
Configuration phase
Set up the network, Internet access, and hardware components
Activity 2-3: Creating a Virtual Machine
Create a virtual machine that can be used for installing an OS

17. OpenSUSE Boot Options OpenSUSE Boot Options window Additional options:
Displays options for the installation procedure
Table 2-2 explains the options
Additional options:
F1 Help
Context sensitive help
F2 Language
Change the display language and corresponding keyboard layout
F3 Video Mode
Select a screen resolution, or select Text Mode

18. Figure 2-3 The OpenSUSE Boot Options window
Linux Operations and Administration

19. Table 2-2 Settings in the Boot Options window
Linux Operations and Administration

20. OpenSUSE Boot Options (cont’d.)
F4 Source
Select the installation source medium
F5 Kernel
Displays a menu of functions you can disable if you’re having problems with the regular installation
F6 Driver
Select if you have an optional driver update for openSUSE

21. The Preparation Phase Installation window System analysis Left side
Overview of all the steps YaST takes to install openSUSE
Top right
Select a language and keyboard layout
Click Next
Accepts the license agreement
System analysis
Determine whether other OSs are installed on your system

22. Figure 2-4 The System Probing window
Linux Operations and Administration

23. Installation Mode Choices for installation: Other options Installation
Update
Repair Installed System
Other options
Use Automatic Configuration option
Selected by default
Used when performing a new installation
Include Add-On Products from Separate Media option
Install add-ons from software repositories

24. Clock and Time Zone Select region and time zone
Hardware clock set to Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) by default
Will switch from standard time to daylight savings time and back automatically

25. Desktop Selection Choose the environment: GNOME or KDE
Other choices for desktop:
XFCE Desktop
Minimal X Window
Minimal Server Selection (Text Mode)

26. Suggested Partitioning
YaST checks hard disk and displays a proposed partition setup
Edit Partition Setup button
Change the partition setup
Logical Volume Management (LVM)
Creates virtual partitions that can span physical hard drives
Multiboot configuration
Install multiple OSs on one computer
Choose which one to use when computer boots

27. Create New User Create a local user and set the password
“Use this password for system administrator” option
Allows using the same password supplied for the user to access the system administrator (root) account
Receive System Mail option
Allows the user to receive system service messages
Automatic Login option
Boot straight to your desktop instead of being prompted for a username and password

28. The Installation Phase
After preparation phase YaST displays installation settings
Alter settings by clicking the headers for each section or clicking the Change button
Runlevel
Operating state of the Linux OS
Each runlevel offers different services
Can change the runlevel system boots to

29. The Installation Phase (cont’d.)
Table 2-3 openSUSE Linux runlevels

30. Performing the Installation
Takes about 15 minutes
Click the Details tab at any time
View installation log
After installation is finished
Computer restarts in the configuration phase

31. The Configuration Phase
Automatic Configuration option
Configuration process is done automatically

32. Hostname and Domain Name
Computer’s machine name in the network
Domain name
Name of the network the host belongs to
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Networking protocol
Assigns IP addresses and other network configuration information to hosts automatically
/etc/hosts file
Map hostnames to IP addresses

33. Figure 2-5 The Network Configuration window
Linux Operations and Administration

34. Test Internet Connection
Test network configuration
Select “Yes, Test Connection to the Internet” option
If test fails
Go back to Network Configuration window to correct the problem

35. Online Update YaST can perform online updates
Select Run Update, and then click Next
Click Accept to install the patches
Click Next to continue with the system configuration
Activity 2-4: Installing OpenSUSE as a Guest OS
Install openSUSE as a guest OS on your Windows computer

36. The GNOME Desktop Environment
Easy-to-use graphical desktop environment
Gives you quick access to applications

37. The GNOME Desktop Environment (cont’d.)
Figure 2-6 The GNOME desktop environment

38. Features of GNOME GNOME desktop has two icons:
Folder represents home directory
Trashcan represents deleted files
If CD installed, also shows CD/DVD drive icon
Double-click icons to open them
Right-click icons to display a menu of options
Panel at the bottom
Compared with the taskbar in Windows
Contains only two items: computer menu and Tomboy Notes applet

39. Features of GNOME (cont’d.)
GNOME applets
Small programs available on the GNOME Panel
Designed to give you quick access to useful applications
Workspace switcher
Workspace
Virtual screen on the Linux desktop for displaying open applications
Web browser
GNOME includes Firefox as the default Web browser

40. Features of GNOME (cont’d.)
File manager
Nautilus is used to organize and access folders, files, and applications
Word processing
OpenOffice.org Writer
Open-source word-processing program for creating documents and incorporating charts, tables, and graphics

41. Features of GNOME (cont’d.)
Evolution is the software included with GNOME
Activity 2-5: Working with the GNOME Desktop Environment
Get hands-on practice in working with GNOME

42. The KDE Desktop Environment
K Desktop Environment (KDE)
Gives you quick access to applications, such as word- processing programs, Web browsers, , and a file manager

43. The KDE Desktop Environment (cont’d.)
Figure 2-7 The KDE desktop environment

44. Features of KDE Folder View widget Desktop Folder widget
Called Desktop Folder
Contains the contents of your Desktop directory
Desktop Folder widget
Shows the contents of the ~/Desktop directory
Default icons
Firefox, My Computer, Office, Online Help, and openSUSE

45. Features of KDE (cont’d.)
Quick Launch area
Part of KDE Panel
Reserved for shortcuts to often used applications
KDE panel
Located at the bottom of the desktop
Consists of the Quick Launch area, taskbar, and system tray
System tray
Contains the system clock, a volume control icon, and the Lock and Leave icons

46. Features of KDE (cont’d.)
Activity 2-6: Working with KDE
Get hands-on practice in working with KDE

47. Summary YaST Virtualization VMware player
GUI tool used to customize OS settings during and after installation
Virtualization
Run multiple OSs on one machine
VMware player
Free virtualization software package
Used to create, configure, and run virtual machines on Windows or Linux PCs

48. Summary (cont’d.) OpenSUSE installation is divided into three phases:
Preparation, installation, and configuration
Desktop environments used most often with openSUSE:
GNOME and KDE