1. Phylum Porifera
Sponges
Phylum Cnidaria 
Jellyfish, corals .....

2. Don’t forget – sponges are animals and belong to the Animal Kingdom
1. Multicellular
2. No organs or body systems
3 . Cellular digestion (heterotrophic)
4. Asymmetry

3. Sponges are SESSILE – they do not move
They obtain food by FILTER FEEDING

4. Reproduce sexually (sperm and eggs) Reproduce asexually (regeneration)
Skeleton composed of spongin (soft) and spicules (hard)

5. Sponge Anatomy

7. Amebocytes - cells within the sponge that move around supplying nutrients and taking away waste

8. CHOANOCYTES – collar cells
· layer of cells with flagella · the movement of the flagella keeps a water current going in the sponge · food vacuoles in the collar cells digest plankton and other small organisms (filter feeder)

10. Cnidarians  A phylum with over 10,000 species of animals found exclusively in marine and aquatic environments
*Named after the stinging cells found on their tentacles called CNIDOCYTES

11. 4 Classes Hydrozoa, Eg Hydra 2. Scyphozoa, Eg. Jelly Fish
3. Cubozoa, Eg. Box Jelly Fish
4. Anthrozoa, Eg. Sea Anemones, Corals

12. Characteristics of Cnidarians · Tentacles · Cnidocytes (stinging cells) Specialized cells used for capturing prey

13. · Specialized Cells Nematocysts barbs on stinging cells
·Digestion- Gastro vascular cavity used for digestion (Open digestive system)

14. Body Make up
Their bodies consist of mesoglea, a non-living jelly-like substance, sandwiched between two layers of epithelium that are mostly one cell thick.

15. Named after the mythical creature (notice the resemblance)
Hydra-
Named after the mythical creature (notice the resemblance)

16. The Hydra is a freshwater cnidarian
Hydrozoa
The Hydra is a freshwater cnidarian
What kind of symmetry does hydra have?
These Hydras are budding, a form of reproduction

17. Hydra Anatomy
WORD BANK Gastrovascular cavity Tentacle Cnidocyte Ectoderm Endoderm Mesoglea Ovary/Teste Bud Nematocyst Mouth Basal Disk

18. Cnidarians have two body forms:
Polyp-Vase shaped with tentacles around the mouth , Sessile
Medusa – Cup shaped with tentacles hanging down , Free swimming

19. Body Structure

20. Medusa, Hmmm I wonder hot it got it’s name?

21. Most Cnidarians have radial symmetry
Body Symmetry
Most Cnidarians have radial symmetry

22. Reproduction
Regeneration- All cnidarians can regenerate, allowing them to recover from injury and to reproduce asexually. Medusas have limited ability to regenerate, but polyps can do so from small pieces or even collections of separated cells. This enables corals to recover even after apparently being destroyed by predators.
Asexual- All known cnidaria can reproduce asexually in addition to regenerating. Hydrozoan polyps only bud, while some medusas can divide down the middle. Scyphozoan polyps can both bud and split down the middle. In addition to both of these methods.
Anthozoa can split horizontally just above the base
Sexual- sexual reproduction often involves a complex life cycle with both polyp and medusa stages. For example in Scyphozoa (jellyfish) a larva swims until it finds a good site, and then becomes a polyp. This grows normally but then absorbs its tentacles and splits horizontally into a series of disks that become juvenile medusae, a process called strobilation. The juveniles swim off and slowly grow to maturity, while the polyp re-grows and may continue strobilating periodically.
The adults have gonads in the gastroderm, and these release ova and sperm into the water in the breeding season.

23. Life Cycle of a Jelly Fish

24. Portuguese Man of War - cnidarian that floats in the water and has long tentacles

26. Cnidarians: Life on the move http://vimeo.com/37267733
Cnidarians: Life on the move

27. Coral Reefs are made from the skeletons of cnidarians

28. Coral Anatomy

30. Coral Reef Adventure Part 1