1. The Immediate Event that Led to War …
* Could this have been prevented?
Gavrilo Princip
June 28, 1914 – assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

2. ** Misperceptions about what would become WWI The war would be short, in fact over by Christmas War is Glorious!!

3. M.A.I.N. ** (3) Alliance System ** (2) Nationalism
* Militarism * Alliances * Imperialism * Nationalism
Militarism
- Build-up military strength leads
to rivalries …
** (3) Alliance System
- Two major alliances dominated Europe
Imperialism
- Competition for colonies
** (2) Nationalism
- Devotion to the nation or one’s common ethnic group

4. Effect of Nationalism – groups of people or “nationalities” desiring “self-determination” or the idea that people who share a national identity should have their own country and government.

5. Nationalism
“The first, original, and truly natural boundaries of states are beyond doubt their internal boundaries. Those who speak the same language are joined to each other by a multitude of invisible bonds by nature herself, long before any human art begins; they understand each other and have the power of continuing to make themselves understood more and more clearly; they belong together and are by nature one and an inseparable whole.” - Johann Gottlieb Fichte

6. The Balkans Present-day Slavic people are classified Into West Slavic
(chiefly Poles, Czechs
and Slovaks),
East Slavic (chiefly
Russians,
Belarusians, and
Ukrainians), and
And South Slavic
(chiefly Bosnians,
Serbs, Croats,
Bulgarians,
Macedonians,
Montenegrins,
and Slovenes).

9. - The “Sick Man of Europe” - Ottoman Empire - Balance of Power - Crisis in the Balkans
Situation in Europe, 1900

10. The Ottoman Empire - Europe before 1900
- The “Sick Man of Europe” - Lost a series of wars, throughout 1800’s & early 1900’s
- Write: Creates a power vacuum, encouraging nationalities to gain independence

11. Nationalist Movements
Effect of Nationalism – groups of people, “nationalities” desiring “self-determination” or the idea that people who share a national identity should have their own country and government
Nationalist Movements
, Serbian Revolution
, Greek War of Independence
1848, Nationalist revolts in Hungary, Italy, and Germany
, Italy becomes unified
, Germany becomes unified
1878, Congress of Berlin declares Serbia independent
, Macedonian struggles for independence
1908, Bulgaria becomes independent
1912, Albania becomes independent

12. - The “Sick Man of Europe” - Balance of Power - Crisis in the Balkans
Situation in Europe, 1900

13. Europe, 1815 ** Notice the Germanic States!!
** Notice Italy is not Unified

14. German Unification, under “Prussia” – The “German Reich”
Otto Von Bismarck, German Chancellor
Fights Wars / “Iron and Blood” …
1864: Danish-Prussian War
1866: Austro-Prussian War – creates
“North German Confederation
1871: Franco-Prussian War – gains Bavaria, Baden, & Wurttemburg
By 1900 would come to economically and culturally dominate Europe …

15. Europe, 1871

16. German Unification, under “Prussia” – The “German Reich”
Write: Germany unifies, and France and Russia become uncomfortable about the changing “Balance of Power,” so they form an alliance (1894).

17. - The “Sick Man of Europe” - Balance of Power - Crisis in the Balkans
Situation in Europe, 1900

18. Ottoman Empire - Europe before 1900

19. Nationalities in Austro- Hungarian Empire
* What’s happening in Austria-Hungary?

20. Nationalities of the Dual Monarchy, 1910
** Population Austria Hungary
- Germans (***) 9,950,000 2,037,000
- Czechs 6,436,
- Poles 4,968,
- Romanians (***) ,000 2,949,000
- Ruthenians 3,519, ,000
- Serbs & Croats ,000 2,939,000
- Italians (***) ,
- Slovenes 1,253,
- Slovaks ,968,000
- Magyars (***) ,945,000

21. Nationalities in Austro- Hungarian Empire
* What’s happening in Austria-Hungary?
- Write: It is an ethnically diverse empire, in which many “nationalities” have difficult lives.

22. - 1908 – Annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina
Situation in Europe, 1900
– Annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina

23. The “Great War” video ** In notes, respond to prompts … 3:50 – 7:05
(1) Problems w/ Austria …
(2) Triple Alliance …
(3) Triple Entente …
3:50 – 7:05

24. Alliances Triple Entente – Great Britain, France, and Russia
Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy