1. Where is Greece?
United
States

2. Modern Turkey Mediterranean Sea Mycenae
Corinth
Mycenae
Called the Balkan Peninsula: Greece and Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, and Slovenia.
Anatolia: Turkey
Magna Gaecia: is the boot of Italy and Sicily
Mediterranean Sea

3. Geography It’s surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea.
Italy is on the left of Greece and to the right is the Middle East.
The capital city is Athens.
England

4. What does Greece look like?
The land of Greece consists of mountains, valleys, lakes, and coastlines.
The land is surrounded on three sides by the Mediterranean Sea making it a peninsula.
About 80% of Greece consists of mountains or hills. And contains the second largest canyon next to the Grand Canyon.
If you ever go to Greece, prepare to bring your hiking shoes!

5. Topography
Even though much of Greece is very rocky, about 50% is also covered by forests.
Ancient people would build cites close to the coast. Why?

6. Topography
When people moved to Greece, they lived far apart because of all the mountains. These cities were called city-states.
There are lots of islands surrounding Greece. Crete is one of the most famous.
The islands are actually mountain peaks that are now surrounded by water.

7. Climate Most of Greece has a Mediterranean climate.
A Mediterranean climate is hot and dry in the summer with wet and warm winters.
The western part of Greece has cooler temperatures.
Aristotle says the climate was well balanced-a very Greek thing to say.

8. Summer Climate The Greek summer is hot and dry.
The average temperature is 73-91° F.
The average rainfall is 6mm (.2 inches).

9. winter Climate
The Greek winter can be rainy on costal regions and snowy in the mountains.
The average temperature is 43-55° F.
The average rainfall is 2.5 inches.

10. Plants in Ancient Greece
Because Greece is very rocky, many crops in Ancient Greece wouldn’t grow there. People in Greece had to trade with other countries for food and other necessities.
The staple crops in Ancient Greece were olives, figs, grain, and grapes.
Greece became famous for their olive oil and wine.
Ate pigs, sheep, goats a lot because the land was rocky and couldn’t raise cattle and horses. Also grew barley, grapes, olives, and figs.
Myth Summary
Chapter 8: Athena
THE BIRTH OF ATHENA
Zeus swallowed his consort METIS [mee'tis] (“wisdom”), after he had made her pregnant, because he feared that she would bear a son who would overthrow him. And so ATHENA [a-thee'na], or ATHENE (MINERVA), was born from the holy head of Zeus. Hephaestus, with his ax, may have facilitated the birth. The occasion was awesome as Athena sprang forth fully grown, a beautiful young woman in full armor, fearlessly announcing her arrival with a thunderous war-cry.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ATHENA
Athena’s birth allegorically proclaims her essential character: her divine wisdom drawn from the head of god; the special bond of affection between father and daughter; her championship of heroes and male causes, born as she was from the male, and not from a mother’s womb. A dread goddess of war, she remained a virgin.
APPEARANCE OF ATHENA
Athena bears an aloof kind of loveliness, akin to the beauty of youthful masculinity. She is associated with the owl and the snake. She is usually represented with helmet, spear, and shield or aegis that bore a depiction of the head of Medusa. With her there may be a female winged figure (called NIKE [nee'kay], “victory”), bearing a crown or garland of success. Athena herself as victorious war goddess was called Athena Nike and the simple but elegant temple of Athena Nike stands to the right of the entrance to the Acropolis.
THE CONTEST BETWEEN ATHENA AND POSEIDON
Athena and Poseidon vied for control of Athens and its surrounding territory, Attica. The contest took place on the Acropolis. Poseidon struck the rock with his trident and produced a salt spring or a horse. Athena brought forth an olive tree from the ground by the touch of her spear and she was proclaimed the victor. The olive was fundamental to Athenian economy and life. Angry at losing, Poseidon was appeased and continued to be worshiped in Athens, especially in conjunction with the Athenian hero ERECHTHEUS [e-rek-thee'us] (see MLS, Chapter 23). In his lovely temple the ERECHTHEUM [e-rek-thee'um], or ERECHTHEION, on the Acropolis, just across from the Parthenon, the marks of the blow of his trident supposedly could be seen, and nearby it, the olive tree that Athena had produced continued to grow.

11. Plants in Modern Greece
Today crops include tobacco, cotton, sugar beets, grains, vegetables, fruits, olives, and grapes.
Due to the variety of land, there a some 6,000 indigenous species in Greece.

12. Natural Resources
Harbors-major way to trade was by sea and will become a major economic activity
Sea had trade contact with the Near East
Metal ores
Clay
Stone

13. Population Today About 10 million people live in Greece today.
The ancient Greeks will share: same language, similar customs, same gods and festivals.

15. Time Line 776 BC The first Olympic games. about 750 BC
Early Greek culture. Homer '. writes the epics 'The Iliad' and the 'Odyssey
BC   
Corinth is ruled by the tyrant Kypselos and then his son Periander.  
508 BC      
Democracy begins in Athens   
490 and 480 BC   
Greeks defeat Persian invaders at the battles of Marathon (490 BC)and Salamis (480 BC).
by 450 BC     
Athens becomes a very powerful city, and controls an empire.    BC
Greeks theatre thrives in Athens. Many of the most famous Greek plays are written during this time.        

16. Time line
BC  
Perikles is the popular leader at Athens as the general of the Athenian army   
432 BC   
The Parthenon in Athens is finished being built.     
BC     
War between Athens and Sparta (the Peloponnesian war)
428 BC   
The revolt of Mytilene     
404 BC  
Sparta defeats Athens.
338 BC   
Philip, king of Macedonia, takes control of Greece
BC  
Alexander the Great, son of Philip, conquers most of the known world as far east as India.
146 BC   
Rome conquers Greece - Greece becomes part of the Roman empire.