1. Unit 6 - Roosevelt Saves the Day

2. Presidential election of 1932
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) – Democrat
Pres. Herbert Hoover – Republican
FDR wins – Hoover blamed for inaction during Depression

6. The New Deal FDR’s plan to alleviate problems of the Great Depression
Three general goals of the New Deal
Relief for the needy
Recovery – economic recovery
Reform – financial reform

7. The New Deal The Hundred Days
Intense period of activity by FDR administration
Congress passed over 15 major pieces of legislation
Expanded government’s role in the nation’s economy

8. The New Deal Bank Holiday
FDR closed all banks to prevent withdrawals and failures
FDR pushed through the Emergency Banking Relief Act
Treasury Dept. inspected banks
Sounds banks reopened
Insolvent banks (could not repay debts)
Remained closed
Able to receive loans
Strengthened public confidence in banks

9. The New Deal Fireside Chats Informal radio addresses
Explained problems and steps being taken to deal with problems

13. New Deal Legislation Glass-Steagall Act Federal Securities Act
Created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC)
Insured individual bank accounts
Customers felt money was safe
Federal Securities Act
Corporations must provide complete and accurate info on all stock offerings

14. New Deal Legislation Civil Works Administration
Provided 4 million immediate jobs
Built 40,000 schools, paid 50,000 teachers’ salaries
Built 500,000 miles of roads
National Recovery Administration (NRA)
Set prices
Established standards for working hours
Banned Child labor
Home Owners Loan Corp (HOLC)
Provided govt. loans homeowners facing foreclosure
Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
$500 million for direct relief for the needy

15. Criticism of the New Deal
Required deficit spending – govt. spending more than receiving
Too much govt. control of economy, agriculture and industry
Approaching socialism

16. Critics of FDR Father Charles Coughlin Dr. Francis Townsend
Catholic Priest broadcast radio sermons
Claimed radio audience of million
Favored guaranteed annual income and nationalization of banks
Lost support due to anti-Semitic views
Dr. Francis Townsend
FDR wasn’t doing enough to help the poor and elderly
Senator Huey Long
Had presidential ambitions
Proposed Share-Our-Wealth plan
assassinated

20. FDR and the Supreme Court
Court struck down NIRA and AAA
FDR fear Court may dismantle New Deal
Court-Packing (1937)
FDR wants to appoint 6 new Supreme Court Justices
Caused anger and protests in Congress
– Due to resignations, FDR appoints 7 new justices

23. Second New Deal (1935) Election of 1936 Second burst of activity
Focusing on farmers and workers
Election of 1936
A vote of confidence for FDR and New Deal
FDR easily reelected over Republican Alf Landon
Democrats win large majorities in House and Senate
First time African Americans voted for Democrats

24. National Youth Administration (NYA)
Provided education, jobs, counseling, and recreation for young people

25. Social Security Act One of the most important achievements of New Deal
Chaired Sec of Labor Francis Perkins (1st female in cabinet)
Three major parts
Old-age insurance
Unemployment compensation
Aid to families with dependent children and the disabled

26. New Deal ends with the beginning of World War II
Spending on war materials replaced New Deal spending
Lasting effects of the New Deal
Expanded the power of the federal government and president
More active role in shaping the economy
Lasting Programs
FDIC
SEC
NLRB
Social Security
TVA