1. Causes of the French Revolution

2. What brought about the French Revolution?
Enlightenment thinkers
~ many lived in France under absolute monarchy
~spoke of change granting more rights to the people….sounded good!
American Revolution
~Saw the American colonists fight back against the English gov… France sent troops to help them get independence ….but back home they had none

3. Take notes from the film
List the 3 causes of the French Revolution. List examples for each cause
Describe who are the 3 Estates.
First Estate is the –
Second Estate is the –
Third Estate is the-
3. What U.S. document gave the French peasants the incentive to revolt?
4. What Enlightenment idea inspired the French peasants the most to revolt.
BER&index=4&feature=plpp_video

4. What do we
see in the
picture?

5. The Three Estates First Circa 130,000 High-ranking clergy
Population
Privileges
Exemptions
Burdens
First
Circa 130,000
High-ranking clergy
Collected the tithe
Censorship of the press
Control of education
Kept records of births, deaths, marriages, etc.
Catholic faith held honored position of being the state religion (practiced by monarch and nobility)
Owned 20% of the land
Paid no taxes
Subject to Church law rather than civil law
Moral obligation (rather than legal obligation) to assist the poor and needy
Support the monarchy and Old Regime
Second
Circa 110,000
Nobles
Collected taxes in the form of feudal dues
Monopolized military and state appointments
Third
Circa 25,000,000
Everyone else: artisans, bourgeoisie, city workers, merchants, peasants, etc., along with many parish priests
None
Paid all taxes
Tithe (Church tax)
Octrot (tax on goods brought into cities)
Corvée (forced road work)
Capitation (poll tax)
Vingtiéme (income tax)
Gabelle (salt tax)
Taille (land tax)
Feudal dues for use of local manor’s winepress, oven, etc.

6. People of France were divided into three estates:
FIRST ESTATE: made up of clergy of the Roman Catholic Church;
scorned Enlightenment ideas ----
(owned 10% of all land)

8. SECOND ESTATE: made up of rich nobles
Held the highest offices in government
Disagreed with Enlightenment ideas
Owned 20% of all land

10. What the King Did
Appointed the Intendants, the “petty tyrants” who governed France’s 30 districts
Appointed the people who would collect his taxes and carry out his laws
Controlled justice by appointing judges
Controlled the military
Could imprison anyone at any time for any reason (blank warrants of arrest were called lettres de cachet)
Levied all taxes and decided how to spend the money
Made all laws
Made decisions regarding war and peace

11. 3. THIRD ESTATE: included bourgeoisie, urban lower class, and peasant farmers
Had no power to influence government
Embraced Enlightenment ideas
98% of population

12. Checking For Understanding
Name who the 3 Estates are… 1, 2, & 3
List 2-3causes of the French Revolution…
List Locke’s 3 “natural rights” that government should protect
Which was the first document in history to limit a monarchs power, hint 1215…

14. WEAK LEADERSHIP: Louis XVI became king in 1774
Liked to spend large amounts of money
Borrowed heavy in order to help the Americans with their war
Bankers refused to lend the government any more money

16. Louis XVI spent his time hunting, or tinkering with locks instead of attending to the details of governing
Married Marie Antoinette when he was 15 and she was 14
Marie was from Austria, enemy of France
Very unpopular with the people

17. Liked to spend money on jewels, gowns, and gifts
Became known as “Madame Deficit”

19. REVOLUTION BEGINS:
Third estate unhappy with the heavy taxes & started to rebel
Storming of the Bastille: July 14,1789, mob tried to get gunpowder and weapons from the prison at Bastille.
Bastille =‘ed tyranny to the peasants
Angry crowd stormed the prison and took control
End of Ch 3 section 1

20. Became a symbol for the revolution (national holiday today, similar to the U.S. Fourth of July)
John Green God and Grain: The French Revolution, Part I use as conclusion

21. Checking for Understanding
What was the first protest event that initiated/started the French Rev?
Which U.S. document is the most imitated & uses in other national constitutions?
This U.S. document is a model for the establishment of a gov. by WRITTEN laws?
How did King Louis XVI directly contribute to one of the causes of the French Rev?
What type of classes were the estates broken into in pre-revolutionary France.

22. TERROR GRIPS FRANCE:

23. Radicals execute the King in 1792
Jacobin Club: radical group made up of middle class citizens, found the king guilty of treason and sentenced him and his wife to be killed

24. Killed thousands of people who were “enemies of the republic”
Maximilien Robespierre: leader of the radicals, started the “Reign of Terror”—
Killed thousands of people who were “enemies of the republic”
85% were common people
reign-of-terror-video.htm

25. NAPOLEON BONAPARTE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V4QsRYVMuU0

27. 7 Causes of the French Revolution
1. Inequalities among classes
2. Third Estate ready to revolt
3. Soaring national debt
4. Failed Economic Reform
5. Soaring Food Prices
6. Bread Riots Spread
7. Parisians Storm the Bastelle