1. Introduction to Matter
Chapter 1
Introduction to Matter

3. Vocabulary Matter Chemistry Solution
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Chemistry
Study of the properties of matter and how matter changes
Solution
Single kind of matter that is pure, meaning it always has the same makeup or composition and a set of properties

6. Elements/Compounds
Originally Empedocles said that matter was made up of air, earth, fire and water
All matter made of atoms or the basic particle from which elements are made.
Positively charge nucleus
Negatively charged electron cloud
Chemical bond-force of attraction that holds two atoms together
Molecules-groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
Chemical formula-shows the elements and the ratio of atoms
Ex: CO2

7. Mixtures
Made of two or more substances (elements, compounds or both) that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined
Each substance keeps its individual properties and are not in a set ratio
Heterogenous mixture-see the different parts
Ex: salad
Homogeneous mixture-evenly mixed so that you can’t see the individual parts
Ex: sugar and water (solution) or air
Can separate using a magnet, filtering a mixture, and distilling a liquid solution

8. Properties Physical properties Chemical properties
Characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance
Hardness
Texture
Color
State of matter
Luster
Ability to conduct heat and electricity
Flexibility
Shape
Density
Chemical properties
Characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
Burning or flammability
Ability to react (rust)
New substances with new properties produced
Ex: yeast release gas to cause bread to rise

10. Changes in Matter
Physical change-change that alters the from or appearance of matter but does not make any substance in the matter into different substance
Changes in state, shape or form
Methods of separating mixtures
Chemical change-change in matter that produces one or more new substances
Produces a new substance with properties different from those of original substance or produces heat
Examples:
Combustion
Electrolysis
Oxidation
tarnishing

11. Matter and Thermal Energy
Law of Conservation of Mass-matter is not created or destroyed in any chemical or physical change
Review:
Temperature
Thermal energy
Endothermic change-energy is taken in or absorbed
Ex: when ice melts
Exothermic change-energy is released
Ex: combustion

12. Density Mass-amount of matter Volume-amount of space Density
SI-kilogram
Volume-amount of space
SI-liter, milliliter, and cubic centimeter
Volume=length x width x height
Density
SI-g/cm3
Floating or sinking