1. Warm- up: Benefits of Free Enterprise
Copy the word and definition in your journal
Benefit – an advantage, to gain
List 3 things that you would consider beneficial to the U.S. because of free enterprise.

2. I can
Explain how technology and industrialization changed life in the U.S.

3. Benefits of a free market system during the Industrial Revolution
Specialization
Foreign investors
U.S. Constitution protects owners and workers
Diverse economy that met the needs of the U.S. when it was needed
Less dependent on foreign markets
Helped the Industrial Revolution

4. Technology made production – Faster & More Efficient (create a T -chart in your notes)
Inventions
Cotton gin –
Interchangeable parts-
Bessemer steel process –
Mechanical reaper -
Effect

5. Cotton Gin Invented by Eli Whitney
Made the cotton cleaning process much more efficient
Enabled cotton farmers to grow more cotton and expand cotton growing territory which:
Forced Native Americans further west
Increased work force (need for more slaves)
Supplied northern factories with more cotton

6. Interchangeable Parts
Made parts nearly identical so that they could fit into any similar device
Made assembly and repair of new devices much easier
Led to mass production
Guns were much easier to repair, so gun technology rapidly advanced

7. Bessemer Process
Allowed steel to be made much more cheaply and efficiently
Steel was stronger and lasted longer than iron or any other building material
Steel was used to make railroad tracks, impacting westward expansion
The steel industry increased demand for oil and coal, thus stimulating those industries as well

8. Invented by Cyrus McCormick Greatly increased farm productivity
Mechanical Reaper
Invented by Cyrus McCormick
Greatly increased farm productivity

9. Warm Up: Social Impact of New Innovations
How did the cotton gin affect society in the south? In the north?
How did the factory system affect society?
How might failure to improve transportation have affected the economic and social development of the U.S.?

10. Social Effects of new innovations
Economic

11. Social Effects of new innovations
Economic
*more interaction of people from diverse backgrounds and countries
*more industry
*more employment
*more transporting of goods
*faster growth of cites

12. I can
Explain how technology impacted communication and transportation.

13. Innovation – a new method or device

14. New Transportation Technology
Allowed for a national market for goods and services within the United States

15. New Transportation Technology
Robert Fulton’s steamboat (1807)
Increased factory production
Led to the growth of cities like New Orleans and St. Louis
People and goods could move faster up and down rivers
Use of steam power also used in factories

16. New Transportation Technology
Canals- Man made waterways used for travel and shipping
Erie Canal (1825)
Lowered costs of shipping goods
Stimulated migration of settlers into the Ohio River Valley
Allowed New York to be a commercial center

17. ERIE CANAL (Clinton’s Big Ditch)
July 4, October 26, 1825
363 Miles *Buffalo to Albany, New York
83 Locks – 568 rise in elevation from Hudson River
4 foot deep – 40 feet wide
2 horse team pulled a barge about 24 miles in one day
$7 million dollars funded by the State of New York+private investors

19. New Transportation Technology
Railroads- Invention of the steam engine led to modern railroads and trains
Supplied cities and towns with food, fuel, building materials
Created access to new markets
Transcontinental Railroad completed in 1869

20. New Communications Technology
Telegraph- transmission of electric signals over wires from location to location
Invented by Samuel FB Morse (1841)
Lines followed railroads
Enhanced communication

21. I can
Explain positive and negative consequences of human modification.

22. Modification -
to change something

23. Modification
Positive Consequence
Negative
Consequence
Railroads
Urbanization

24. Modification
Positive Consequence
Negative
Consequence
Railroads
Increased transportation of goods and people between the East and West
Air pollution, destruction of natural resources, damage to the environment
Urbanization
More jobs in cities, factories made owners $$$$$
Pollution, crowded living conditions, crime