1. PSYC560 Cognitive and Affective Bases of Behavior
Cognition and Mood Models with Future Directions

2. Cognitive determinants of emotion
Arnold Lazarus
Each distinct emotion is elicited by a specific pattern of appraisal
Smith and Kirby
Distinguished between rapid and automatic associative processes and a much slower reasoning process
Processed in Parallel
Monitored by appraisal detectors
Appraisal is not always the cause of emotions
May be the consenquence
Deemphasizes the social context

3. Multilevel Theories of Emotion
Designed to identify key cognitive processes underlying emotion
Recognizes complexity of the cognitive system
Emotional reactions are trigged by preattentive (automatic) processes.
“Knowing with the heart” (implicational meaning)
“Knowing with the head” (propositional meaning)
Difficult to test (infallible?)

4. Mood and Cognition Bower (Semantic Network Theory)
Activation of an emotion node
Activates related nodes in a semantic network
Mood-state dependent memory
Mood congruity
Thought congruity
These effects are found more often with positive than negative mood states
Perhaps because people in negative mood states are motivated to change their moods?

5. Bower, Continued Patients with DID may show interidentity amnesia
Possibly mood-state-dependent forgetting?
More research necessary

6. Cognitive Biases Attentional bias Interpretive bias
Focus attention on things that are related to recurring thoughts at the time
Anxiety
Interpretive bias
Inappropriately assess neutral stimuli according to mood or affective state.
Anxiety and Depression

7. More Cognitive Biases Explicit memory bias Implicit memory bias
Inaccurately recall of factual information (experiences and concepts) according to mood or affective state
Depression and Anxiety
Implicit memory bias
Inaccurate, unconscious influence of recall based on mood or affective state (e.g., priming).
Anxiety

8. Now that we know all about cognition and affect…what are we going to do with our lives?

9. I find Sport Psychology appealing
Strongly Agree
Agree
Somewhat Agree
Neutral
Somewhat Disagree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree 10

10. Sport Psychology Major growing area Goal setting Mild positive affect
Imagery
Performance enhancement
Career counseling

11. I’d like to work with the psychology of spirituality and/or religion
Strongly Agree
Agree
Somewhat Agree
Neutral
Somewhat Disagree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree 10

12. Spirituality/Religion
There are very few cultures in which religion or spirituality play no significant role
Not much experimental data, but theoretical works abound
Largely psychodymanic models
Transpersonal
Some CBT and REBT

13. I would like to work with the elderly
Strongly Agree
Agree
Somewhat Agree
Neutral
Somewhat Disagree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree 10

14. Geropsychology High demand Psychologists covered by Medicare in 1997
Aging population
Geographic issues
US boasts 13% of the worlds 65-or-older population
The world average is around 7%
New and interesting issues emerge
Little interest among fellow psychologists = job security
Psychologists covered by Medicare in 1997

15. Issues Around Geropsych
Mood and affect
Suicide is a leading cause, particularly among elder men
Usual cited reason is loneliness
Perceptual disturbances
Agnosias
Hallucinations
Language
Aphasias
Memory
Dementia
Alzheimer’s
Psychopharmacology
Polypharmacy

16. I’d like to induce mild positive affect
Strongly Agree
Agree
Somewhat Agree
Neutral
Somewhat Disagree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree 10

17. Gelotology Study of humor Mood congruent learning and recall
Mood repair
Physiological psychology
Endorphin release
Culturally based
Ethnicity
Generational
Situational
Deciding what is funny
Stating the unspoken
Sympathy (relating)
Unexpected
Use of humor in therapy is a growing area of exploration

18. I am interested in the impact of technology on individuals
Strongly Agree
Agree
Somewhat Agree
Neutral
Somewhat Disagree
Disagree
Strongly Disagree 10

19. Cyberpsychology Impact of the “Global Village” Depersonalization
Internet-based research
Alternate reality lifestyle
e.g., Second Life
Distance education
Distance relationship
Distance therapy
Interpersonal interactions with (not through) technology

20. Questions? Thoughts?