1. El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (“ENSO”)

2. “Normal” SST
Walker circulation

4. Correlations (×10) of fluctuations in annual mean sea level pressure with those at Darwin. The magnitude of the correlation exceeds 0.4 in the shaded regions. (After Trenberth and Shea, 1987.)

7. “Normal” SST
Walker circulation

8. “Normal” SST

11. Sea surface temperature anomalies (C)
0 – 10S, 80 – 90W

12. SST anomalies (Nino 1+2) vs SOI

13. Annual rainfall (in percentiles) in a selection of regions
Annual rainfall (in percentiles) in a selection of regions. Black bars coincide with "El Niño" years.

15. cold
warm

19. cold
warm

20. Correlations (×10) of fluctuations in annual mean sea level pressure with those at Darwin. The magnitude of the correlation exceeds 0.4 in the shaded regions. (After Trenberth and Shea, 1987.)

21. El Nino impacts in U.S. winter