1. Chartered Companies Bank of England1694 East India Company 1600
Statutory Companies
No M.O.A and A.O.A e.g R.B.I, U.T.I, F.C.I
Registered Companies
Companies Limited by shares
Companies Limited by Guarantee
6. Unlimited Companies

2. Private companies
u/s 2(68) of companies act 2013, A private Company means a company which has minimum paid up capital as may be prescribed and by its articles:-
Restricts the right to transfer its shares
Limits maximum number of shareholders as 200
Prohibits invitation to public to subscribe for any shares
Features of Private Company
Restriction on transfer of shares
Limitation of membership
Prohibition on inviting Public to subscribe for securities

3. Public Company
According to section2(71)of the companies act 2013 ,A public company means a company which
Is not a private company
Has a minimum paid up capital as may be prescribed
Is a private company which is a subsidiary of Public company

4. Privilege to a Private company
Number of members
Minimum number of directors
Quorum for journal meeting
Rotation of directors
Managerial Remuneration
Special disqualification for appointment as directors
Rotational retirement of directors
Filling casual vacancies
Independent Directors
Audit committee

5. When a private company looses its privilege
When it fails to comply with the essential requirements of private company as given in section 2(68)

6. Disadvantages of a private company
Cannot issue share warrants
Is to file its annual list of member and summary with registrar
Can not appoint more than one proxy
It is to send certificate to registrar stating its annual turnover in the preceding 3 years never reached rupee one crore or more

7. Distinction between a public company and private company

8. Conversions Conversion of a public company into a private company
Special resolution
Name of the company
Approval of tribunal
Filing with the registrar

9. Conversion of a private company into public company
Special resolution
Changing the name
Approval of the tribunal
Filing with the registrar

10. Effect of conversion

11. One person Company
Section 2(62) of the act defines one person company.
Requirements
One person should subscribe his name to memorandum
Indian citizen and resident of India is eligible to form OPC
Memorandum must indicate the name of the nominee
Nominee can at any time withdraw his consent
Member of OPC can at any time change nominee
Any change in nominee must be intimated by member to the company who in turn will intimate ROC.
Penalty Rs. 10,000 if default continues Rs. 1,000 for everyday.

12. Conversion of OPC to Private Company or Public Company
When paid up capital> Rs.50 lakh or average annual turnover during the relevant period exceeds Rs. 2 crores.
To convert into either public or private company within six months .
Alter A.O.A and M.O.A. By passing resolution
Within 60 days give a notice to registrar in form No. INC. 5
Comply with the requirements of the private and
Public company

13. Conversion of Private Company into OPC
A private company having turnover less than 2 crores and paid up capital less than Rs. 50 lakh can convert itself into OPC by passing S.R.
Before passing such resolution the company shall obtain NOC from members and creditors
File copy of S.R with registrar within 30 days from the date of passing such resolution in form No.MGRT.14.
The company shall file an application in form No. INC 6 for its conversion into one person company.

14. Difference between OPC and Sole Proprietorship

15. Government Companies
Section 2(45) of the companies act defines a government company to mean any company in which not less than 51% of the paid up share capital is held by:
The central government
Any state government or governments; or
Partly by central government and partly by one or more state governments. A subsidiary of a government company will also be treated as a government company.
e.g BHEL, STC etc.
Appointment of auditor-CAGI
Audit report-CAGI
Annual Reports- with in three months of the AGM

16. Foreign Companies
Section 2(42) of the companies act 2013 defines foreign company as “ any company or body corporate incorporated outside India which-
Has a place of business in India whether by itself or through an agent, physically or through electronic mode; and
Conducts any business activity in India in any other manner.

17. Provisions applicable on foreign companies
Act to apply to foreign companies-51%shares in India
Delivery of documents-within 30 days of its establishment
Accounts of foreign companies
Display of names etc.
Service of documents
Debentures, annual return, registration of charges, books of account and their inspection
Fee for registration of documents
Interpretation
Particulars to be contained therein
Registration of prospectus
Offer of IDR
Penalty -1 to 3 lakhs ,default in continuation Rs.50,000 imprisonment 6 months

18. Holding company
Subsidiary company
Formation of companies with charitable objects
Small company-paid up capital<50 lakhs, turnover<2 crores
Listed company
Dormant company
Unregistered company
Public financial institution
Illegal association
Producer companies