1. Chapter 8: Teamwork and Leadership

2. Types of Health Care Teams
Administrative
Medical emergency
Hospital patient care
Physician’s office
Outpatient care

3. Definition of a Team Team Composition
Two or more individuals organized to function cooperatively
Members focused on the same results
Health care team: professionals with a variety of:
Health-related backgrounds
Education
Experiences

4. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
One-Profession Team: Nursing Team Example
Registered nurses (RNs)—team leaders
Licensed practical nurses (LPNs)
Licensed vocational nurses (LVNs)
Certified nursing assistants (CNAs)

5. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Multidisciplinary Team
Cooperative group of professionals with different:
Qualifications
Skills
Areas of expertise
Team members complement one another
Provide comprehensive health care
Example: cardiac rehabilitation team

6. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Elements of Team Structure
Team purpose
Team goals
Team members’ roles
Team functions

7. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Team Purpose
What is the reason for the team?
What does it hope to accomplish?
Points all members in right direction
Determines how team should develop & move forward
For health care team: to provide or support patient care

8. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Team Goals
Common goals or objectives
Decisions not made independently
Focus on best interest of team
Willingness to listen to opinions of other members

9. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Team Members’ Roles
Team leader
Recorder or secretary
Spokesperson
Resource
Implementers

10. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Team Functions
Activities carried out to meet goals
Unique skills & experiences matched to tasks
Effectiveness of individual impacts all others

11. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Required Ingredients for Effective Teamwork
Open & honest communication
Sufficient organizational resources
Mutual support
Understanding & recognizing role & function of each member

12. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Guidelines for Preparing Team Meetings
Set meeting time & place in advance
Choose a day & time when all members are available
For regular meetings, schedule for same day & time
Distribute agenda before meeting

13. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Group Communication
Listen with full attention to other members
Express ideas as clearly as possible
Encourage feedback on all ideas
Avoid letting negative emotions cloud communications

14. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Tips for Contributing to a Team
Remember group dynamics (how members relate to each other)
Encourage contributions from everyone
Avoid letting one member dominate

15. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Sources of Conflict
Substance vs. personality differences
Independent work & limited group conversation
Atmosphere of distrust & suspicion
Differences in:
Training
Knowledge
Experience
Competitive work environment

16. Definition of a Team (cont’d)
Managing Conflict: Steps in Problem Solving
Assessing
Diagnosing
Creating a plan
Implementing the plan
Evaluating the plan
Modifying the plan (if necessary)

17. Leadership Definition of Leadership
The ability to influence others while working toward a vision or goal

18. Leadership (cont’d) Characteristics of Successful Health Care Leaders
Understand complexity of coordinated care
Remain open to different points of view
Understand interdependency of health care team

19. Leadership (cont’d) Leadership Skills Communication Problem solving
Management
Self evaluation

20. Leadership (cont’d) Leadership Styles Autocratic (directive)
Leader controls decisions & activities
Democratic
Leader shares decisions & activities
Laissez-faire (non-directive)
Leader hands over power to group

21. Leadership (cont’d)
Leadership and Management: Four Functions of Managers
Planning
Organizing
Directing
Controlling

22. Leadership (cont’d) Preparing for a Leadership Role
Identify your strengths
Evaluate how you accomplish work
Clarify your values
Assume responsibility for relationships