1. BUND Der Algemeyner Yidisher Arbeter Bund in Lite, Poyln, un Rusland

2. Bund Vilna, 1897 Marxism influenced 1912 joined Mensheviks 1917 40 thousand members, 400 branches 1921 joined the Communist Party Bund in Poland – Remains independent – 1939 – almost 100 thousand members

3. 3rd Party Convention complete national emancipation, e.g. FREEDOM TO USE THEIR OWN LANGUAGE – Little support for the national rights – demand EQUAL CIVIL RIGHTS

4. 4th Party Convention Withdrew from the Russian Social Democratic Worker´s party Bund against Zionism Crypto-Zionists for the Russian Social Democratic Worker´s party

5. 6th Party Convention After 1905 – focuses on CULTURAL ISSUES – advocates YIDDISH CULTURE

6. BUND New Jewish working class + young Jewish intelligentsia attracted by socialism 1890´s: focused on the amelioration of the human condition of a worker, not specifically on Jewish- oriented goals

7. Kishniev April 6 & 7, 1903 Pogrom publicly denounced by 317 Russian writers and artists (incl. Tolstoy) Bund and Poalei Zion organize groups of self- defense боевые отряды Beilis Trial, 1913

8. Bund View of founders Not specifically Jewish movement Want to integrate into Russian socialist movement View of Lenin& Stalin A national Jewish party developing independent political tendencies

9. Lenin Assimilation= only progressive solution of the Jewish question Antisemitism is reactionary Nationalism is bourgeois and must be fought against Zionism= rabbis Bund is not marxist but nationalist

10. Stalin Marxism and the National Question 1917-23, 1st commissar of the nationality of the USSR – Tacitly recognized Jews as a nationality – Fostered yiddish culture, administrative institutions and agricultural settlements Late 1930´s – purges – yiddish schools and insitutions systematically liquidated untill WWII Support if the Jewish State in Palestine against UK 1948 1948- 1953 – extreme hostility : – Jews = Zionists, US spies

11. BUND By 1905 the largest and best-organized Jewish party in EE 1917 – Feb – Pale of Settlement suppressed – Nov – Lenin and Stalin abolished all national and religious priviledges of Jews

12. Yevsektsiya 1918 – Jewish section in the Communist party aimed on DESTROYING THE ZIONIST INSTITUTIONS and the Jewish religious culture After destruction of all non-communist Jewish social life dissolved in 1930

13. Birobidzhan 1934- Jewish autonomous region Collective farming Yiddish Institutions Failed – Only supported by communists – Harsh conditions – Zion is not Birobidzhan – Stalin purges affected intellingetsia

14. Bund in Poland guardians of secular yiddish culture TRADE UNIONS EDUCATION CULTURAL ACTIVITY SOCIAL SUPPORT YOUTH- Tsukunft SPORTS SCHOOL NETWORKS – secular, socialist SANATORIUM for children with TBC NEWSPAPER – Folks-Tsaytung – Głos Bundu WOMEN – Yiddishe Arbeiter- Frey Organizatsye, YAF Network of day- care centers for children

15. Bund after 1939 Contact with the Polish underground and the exile government 1942 – report on the Jewish genocide smuggled to London 1941 New York – main center 1949 organization wiped out by the Stalinist line