1. Photosynthesis!!

2. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis- the process(chemical reaction) that uses sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make glucose and oxygen.
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (sunlight) C6H12O6 + 6O2

3. Chloroplasts A chloroplast contains:
Where it happens: the chloroplasts
A chloroplast contains:
Stroma= a fluid
Grana= stacks of thylakoids
The thylakoids contain chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is the green pigment that captures light for photosynthesis
Absorbs every color of light except green. WHY??

4. Chloroplast
Stroma
Outer Membrane
Thylakoid
Granum
Inner Membrane

5. Photosynthesis Two parts:
light reaction: energy storage compounds made, converts sunlight into chemical energy
Calvin cycle: chemical energy from the light rxn is used to power the dark reaction, in which simple sugars are made

6. Light reaction Light is absorbed by chlorophyll
The energy provided allows for water to be split
This is where O2 is produced
This causes a build up of H+ across the membrane
H+ diffuse through an enzyme (ATP synthase) that uses the energy to turn ADP into ATP
Extra electrons turn NADP+ into NADPH

8. Light Reaction Products
NADPH
ATP

9. Calvin Cycle CO2 is fixed into a larger carbon based molecule
Lots of reactions happen (don’t worry about it)
Both ATP and NADPH from the light reaction are needed during this process
After the cycle happens 3 times, 6 molecules of PGAL(phosphoglyceraldehyde) are produced
5 PGAL molecules are put back into the cycle
1 molecule of PGAL leaves to be used by the cell
2 molecules of PGAL combine to form GLUCOSE
Can be formed into sucrose, starch or amino acids

11. What’s the point? Plants take in CO2 and release O2.
Helps maintain a balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere
Most organisms NEED oxygen to carry out vital life functions
ALL organisms get energy from photosynthesis