1. Acid Naming Acids = molecules that produce H+ ions in water
First recognized for the sour taste of their solutions: e.g. citric acid in lemons and limes is responsible for that sour taste
An acid is an anion with one or more H+ cations bonded to it that it can let go of when dissolved in water.

2. Acid Naming Rule #1
If the anion does NOT contain oxygen…HCl Use the prefix hydro- and the suffix –ic after the “root” of the anion: chloride hydrochloric acid How do you know it’s an acid?

3. More Practice… Acid Naming Rule #1
If the anion does NOT contain oxygen… HCN 1. Use the prefix hydro- and the suffix –ic after the “root” of the anion: cyanide hydrocyanic acid

4. Remember…
Acids are ionic compounds beginning with H that dissolve in water to form a solution that we call an acid. They are not often found/used in their solid form so we prefer to name them as acids in their solution form.

5. Acid Naming Rule #2
If the anion DOES contain oxygen… H2SO4 2. Take the root name of the central anion and add a suffix: -ic when the anion ends in –ate -ous when anion names in –ite hydrogen sulfate should be called… …sulfuric acid

6. Acid Naming Rule #2
If the anion DOES contain oxygen…HNO2 2. Take the root name of the central anion and add a suffix: -ic when the anion ends in –ate -ous when anion names in –ite hydrogen nitrite should be called… …nitrous acid

7. Acid Naming Rule #3 perchlorate HClO4 chlorate perchloric acid HClO3
If the anion DOES contain oxygen, but isn’t a simple “-ate” or an “-ite”…
perchlorate
chlorate
chlorite
hypochlorite
HClO4
HClO3
HClO2
HClO
perchloric acid
chloric acid
hypochlorous acid
chlorous acid
per - used for anions with one more oxygen than an ‘-ate”
hypo - used for anions with one less oxygen than an ‘-ite”

8. More Practice…Acid Naming Rule #3
If the anion DOES contain oxygen, but isn’t a simple “-ate” or an “-ite”…
perbromate
bromate
bromite
hypobromite
HBrO4
HBrO3
HBrO2
HBrO
perbromic acid
bromic acid
hypobromous acid
bromous acid
per - used for anions with one more oxygen than an ‘-ate”
hypo - used for anions with one less oxygen than an ‘-ite”

9. Acid Naming Summary Ex’s: HF, H2S, H3N Ex’s: HNO3,HNO2,HNO, HNO4
NO Oxygen
Always:
Hydro[anion root]ic
acid
CONTAINS Oxygen
What is the key anion?
How many oxygens does it have compared to the “-ate” or “-ite”?
(prefix)[anion root](suffix)
acid
Ex’s: HF, H2S, H3N
Ex’s: HNO3,HNO2,HNO, HNO4
hydrofluoric acid, hydrosulfuric acid, hydronitric acid
nitric acid, nitrous acid, hyponitrous acid,
pernitric acid

10. Flow Chart From Textbook
Does the anion contain oxygen

11. The generic formula for an acid is HA (aq)
ACIDS
In its simplest form, an inorganic acid is defined as a hydrogen salt dissolved in water. By this definition a simple inorganic acid exists in the aqueous state.
The generic formula for an acid is HA (aq)
NOTE: they all have the generic formula H-anion
Preview of some acids:
Formula Salt/gas Formula aqueous
HCl hydrogen chloride HCl(aq) hydrochloric acid
HF hydrogen fluoride HF (aq) hydrofluoric acid
HNO3 hydrogen nitrate HNO3 (aq) nitric acid
HC2H3O hydrogen acetate HC2H3O2 (aq) acetic acid
HClO hydrogen perchlorate HClO4 (aq) perchloric acid

12. EXAMPLES:
Formula Salt/gas Formula aqueous
HNO2 hydrogen nitrite HNO2 (aq) nitrous acid
HNO3 hydrogen nitrate HNO3 (aq) nitric acid
H2SO3 hydrogen sulfite H2SO3 (aq) sulfurous acid
H2SO4 hydrogen sulfate H2SO4 (aq) sulfuric acid
H2CO hydrogen carbonate H2CO3 (aq) carbonic acid

13. H2SO4 (aq) HI (aq) H2C2O4 (aq)
PRACTICE PROBLEMS #9D
Give the formula for the name or the name for the formula.
H2S H2SO3 (aq) HF (aq)
HClO2 HIO (aq) HNO2
H2SO4 (aq) HI (aq) H2C2O4 (aq)
Acetic acid nitrous acid iodic acid
Hydrosulfuric acid
Hydrofluoric acid
Sulfurous acid
Chlorous acid
Nitrous acid
Hypoiodous acid
Oxalic acid
Hydroiodic acid
Sulfuric acid
HC2H3O2 (aq)
HNO2 (aq)
HIO3 (aq)

14. GROUP STUDY PROBLEMS #9D
Give the formula for the name or the name for the formula.
H2SO4(aq) H3PO4 (aq) HBr (aq)
HClO (aq) HBrO4 (aq) HNO3 (aq)
H2CO3 (aq) H3BrO3 (aq) H2C2O4
Phosphorous acid hydroiodic acid chloric acid
Phosphoric acid
Hydrobromic acid
sulfuric acid
Hypochlorous acid
perbromic acid
Nitric acid
H3PO3 (aq)
HI (aq)
HClO3 (aq)