1. Bellringer
Add questions on the left side of your Scientific Method Cornell Notes. Questions should be based off of the content we covered in those notes. Come up with good questions…doing this will help you understand the material better.
Add a summary to the scientific method notes. Summary section is at the end of the notes. Tell me:
3 Things You Learned
2 Things You Found Interesting
1 Question You Still Have Over These Notes

2. Worksheets Pg. 13 Chemistry Learning Targets
Pg. 14 Chemistry Vocabulary
Pg. 15 Intro to Chemistry Notes
Pg. 16 Periodic Table

3. Learning Target
Understand the role of the most common elements in living things.
Describe the structure of an atom and how atoms bond together and form compounds.

4. The Chemistry of Life

5. Elements  Fundamental forms of matter Each has only 1 type of atom
Can’t be broken into simpler parts and keep their unique properties
92 elements occur naturally on Earth
Watch the Elements SONG!

6. Most Common Elements in Organic Molecules (CHNO)
Most Common Elements in Organic Molecules (CHNO)
Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen

7. 
What if a person’s diet was deficient in Iron, what could happen to them?
Anemia

8. What Are Atoms?  Video: What does an Atom really look like?
Smallest particles that retain properties of an element
Made up of subatomic particles:
Protons (+)
Electrons (-)
Neutrons (no charge)
# Protons or Electrons= Atomic Number
# Protons + Neutrons= Atomic Mass
Video: What does an Atom really look like?

11. A Peek at the Periodic Table
Which are the most common in living things again?

12. 
Isotopes
Atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons (different mass numbers, different weights!)
Ex: Carbon 12 has 6 protons, ? neutrons
Ex: Carbon 14 has 6 protons, ? neutrons 6 8

13. Radioactive Isotopes have excess neutrons
Radiation is mostly the extra neutrons that shoot out of the nucleus!
They can act as tracers because they show up on X-Ray and radiation detectors
Following tracers is useful in many areas of biology

14. Medical Uses of Radioactive Isotope Elements
Medical Uses of Radioactive Isotope Elements
Swallow Barium  helps Doctors see the large intestines, which would not show on a normal x-ray.

15. What Determines How Atoms Interact and Bond?
What Determines How Atoms Interact and Bond?
The number and arrangement of their electrons in the outer shell!
Atoms are happy (stable) when their outer shells are full
1st Shell Full = 2 electrons
2nd Shell Full = 8 electrons

16. Bonds, Molecules, Compounds (Definitions)
Bond = a union between electrons of atoms
Molecule = two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Compound = two or more different types of atoms (elements) bonded together. Ex: H2O, CO2

18. 
Ionic Bonding
An exchange (one gives, the other accepts) of electrons …
An ion is a charged atom: it either lost electrons (+), or gained electrons (-)
If one atom loses electrons (+), and another atom gains these electrons (-), then the charge difference attracts the two ions to each other

20. Table Salt is the most famous example of an ionic bond!
Sodium’s outer shell has one electron
Chlorine’s outer shell has seven electrons
Na transfers electron to Cl forming Na+ and Cl-
Ions attract and remain together as NaCl
NaCl

22. 
Covalent Bonding
When atoms share a pair or pairs of electrons to fill outermost shell

24. 
Hydrogen Bonding
Hmm … To understand Hydrogen bonds, you must first understand Polarity!
A molecule is polar when electrons are not shared equally, so …
One part of the molecule is more positive and the other part is more negative!

25. Hydrogen Bonding (cont’d)
Hydrogen Bonding (cont’d)
forms between the more “negative” atom in one polar molecule … and … the more “positive” atom in another such molecule.
Forms between hydrogen and either nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine

27. Water is the classic example of Hydrogen Bonding! H + H + H _ O + + + H + _ O

29. Pop Quiz: What do you know about Chemistry NOW?

30. Get out a blank sheet of notebook paperPop Quiz: What do you know about Chemistry NOW?
Draw and label an atom?
Draw a water molecule?
Label the polar ends
Name 4 most common elements in living things: _______
Describe what happens to the electrons in the following:
Ionic Bonding:
Covalent Bonding:
Name 3 reasons chemistry is important to living things…AKA BIOLOGY!