1. Related Work
ywsun

2. Siva Reddy论文 2017-EMNLP-Universal Semantic Parsing
Universal Dependencies(UD)
2016-TACL-Transforming Dependency Structures to Logical Forms for Semantic Parsing
Stanford Dependencies(SD)
2014-TACL-Large-scale Semantic Parsing without Question- Answer Pairs
CCG syntactic

3. Overview

4. Semantic Parsing as Graph Matching
Ungrounded graph 表示
产生方法
Grounded graph
Learning Model

5. Ungrounded graph表示 5类Nodes Word Nodes (椭圆) Entity Nodes (长方形)
Type Nodes (圆角长方形)
Mediator Nodes (圆形)
Math nodes (菱形)
TARGET
UNIQUE
COUNT
1类edge
Connects any two entities via a mediator
acquired
What is the name of the company which Disney acquired in 2006?

6. Ungrounded graph产生方法 例子: Diney acquired Pixar.
Dependency tree
Composition
(dobj acquired Pixar)
(nsubj (dobj acquired Pixar) Disney)
Binarization
(nsubj (dobj acquired Pixar) Disney)
Substitution
acquired_arg_1
acquired_arg_2
Disney
Pixar e

7. Grounded graph表示 4类Nodes 1类edge
Entity Nodes (长方形)
Type Nodes (圆角长方形)
Mediator Nodes (圆形)
Math nodes (菱形)
TARGET
UNIQUE
COUNT
1类edge
link the two entities in the knowledge graph

8. Grounded graph产生方法 例子: What is the name of the company which Disney acquired in 2006?
Entity node  entity
Entity-entity edge  relation
Entity type node  type
2种转换操作:
Contract, Expand

9. Grounded graph产生方法 Contract operation
What is the name of the company which Disney acquired in 2006?

10. Grounded graph产生方法 EXPAND operation
What to do Washington DC December?

11. Learning Model (map ungrounded graph to grounded graphs)

12. Features Edge alignment Stem overlap Contextual features
CONTRACT features
Entity-lattice score

13. Ungrounded graph方面, 简单类+操作类问题可能不是挑战
How many firefighters does the fdny have?
[['COUNT(2:x , 0:x)',
'QUESTION(0:x)',
'fdny(5:s , 5:x)', 'fdny.arg0(5:e , 5:x)', 'firefighter.arg0(2:e , 2:x)', 'firefighters(2:s , 2:x)', 'have.arg1(6:e , 5:x)', 'have.arg2(6:e , 2:x)',
'how(0:s , 0:x)', 'many(1:s , 2:x)']]

14. Ungrounded graph方面, 组合型+操作类问题是挑战
How many children of ned stark were born in winterfell?
["COUNT(2:x , 0:x)","QUESTION(0:x)",
"arg0(5:e , 5:m.stark)", "ned(4:s , 5:m.stark)"
"bear.arg2(7:e , 2:x)",
"child.arg0(2:e , 2:x)",
"child.nmod.of(2:e , 5:m.stark)",
"children(2:s , 2:x)","how(0:s , 0:x)","many(1:s , 2:x)", ]

15. Thank you