1. Intelligence & Individual Differences
Myers Ch. 11
Intelligence & Individual Differences

2. “The Intelligence War”
What is intelligence?
How do we best assess it?
What should those tests really determine?

3. The ability to direct one’s thinking, adapt to one’s circumstances, and learn from one’s experiences.

4. Names to know… Spearman = g factor Thurston = 7 factors
Sternberg = Three intelligences
Gardner = multiple (8 to be exact)
Goleman—emotional intelligence

5. Intelligence Testing Stanford-Binet—mental age
Terman-IQ (mental age/physical age)
Aptitude vs. achievement = future vs. past
WAIS
WISC
Bell Curve
M=100
Sd=15

6. Degrees of Intellectual Disability
Mild 50-70
Moderate 35-50
Severe 20-35
Profound below 20
Down syndrome—extra chromosome 21

7. Take the Chitling Test Answers to the Chitling Test:
1-c, 2-c, 3-c, 4-d, 5-c, 6-e, 7-c, 8-c, 9-c, 10-c, 11-a, 12-c, 13-d

8. Reliability The extent to which a test yields consistent results
1) Test-Retest
2) Split-half
3) Alternate form
Basically…if you take the test again, you will get a similar score.

9. Validity
The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
1) Content validity—a test samples the behavior that is of interest
2) Predictive validity—the extent to which a test predicts the desired behavior

10. Factors? Heredibility? Mz twins (shared home) r =.86
Mz twins (separate home) r = .78
Dz twins r = .60
Parent/child r = .42
Siblings r = .47
Siblings (non biological/shared home r = .32
Siblings (biological raised apart) r = .24

11. Factors--Environmental
Flynn Effect—TED TALK
Improved nutrition
Breast feeding = 6 points
Improved education
Wealth
Life = more demanding and complicated
Oldest child (3.5 points)

12. The past and the future…
Eugenics 2
Designer Babies