1. Reconstruction - video
The time period after the Civil War. The North was trying to “Reconstruct” the South.

2. What was the Freeman’s Bureau?
Gave food, clothing, medicine, and other supplies to freed slaves and poor whites.
Built schools and educated former slaves.
It was the first relief agency in US history.
Helped establish Atlanta University, Morehouse College, and Clark College.

3. What was sharecropping?
Did not own anything of their own.
Received about ½ of the crop.
Landowners deducted rent and farm supplies so the share cropper could not get ahead.

4. What were tenant farmers?
Rented land, supplied their own equipment and animals.
Received close to ¾ of crop.
Could not get ahead.

5. Reconstruction Plans
Lincoln Plan- all southerners except high ranking officials would be pardoned if they took an oath of allegiance and 10 percent of voters had to vote to rejoin
Lincoln was assassinated before he could carry out his plan
Congressional Plan- Wanted to punish the South.
Radical Republicans were a group of Northern congressmen that refused to serve alongside former Confederate officials.

6. How could a state come back into the Union?
1/10 of the people in the state who had voted in the presidential election had to take an oath to obey the Constitution.
2. New government.
3. Abolish slavery.

7. What is the 13th Amendment?
It abolished slavery!

8. Reconstruction Phases
1st Phase- Presidential Reconstruction.
Johnson was in charge of carrying out Lincoln’s plan, but was very kind to the South.
Georgia was readmitted in December 1865, but only temporarily.
2nd Phase- Congressional Reconstruction.
Southern States refused to pass the 14th amendment.
Congress passed the Reconstruction Act of which set up 5 military districts.
This begins Phase 3-Military Reconstruction.

9. Andrew Johnson Lincoln’s vice president
From North Carolina, so he did not want to hurt the South anymore

10. What is the 14th Amendment?
It gave citizenship rights to freed slaves.
It was created because the South was creating “black codes” which were early segregation laws.
Congress put the Southern states under army rule! (Military Reconstruction)

11. Senators Thrown Out!
In 1867, 32 African Americans were elected to the Georgia General Assembly. However, they were quickly kicked out.
This prevented Georgia from legally gaining readmission to the US.
Because of riots and distress, the US military was sent to Georgia again in 1869.

12. Who was the Ku Klux Klan?
A group determined to keep blacks from having the same rights as whites.
The Klan influenced politics using scare tactics.

13. What was the 15th Amendment?
The right to vote for all US citizens regardless of their race.

14. How did the South feel at the end of Reconstruction?
Georgia was not readmitted to the Union until July 1870.
Many people were bitter toward northerners and for the next 100 years the southern states banded together as the “solid South” and held a solid grip on political power both in Georgia and in the nation.