1. How do we know what we know?

2. How do we know?
How do people know whether spanking a child is okay to do?
How do people know whether something they read online is true?
Did the FBI raid a retirement home to break up an elderly fight club?
Did Texas find 58,000 cases of voter fraud by non-citizens?
Nonpartisan websites to check
Snopes.com
Factcheck.org
Politifact.com

3. Ways of knowing Authority Intuition Rationalism Empiricism Tenacity
Scientific method

4. Try it Come up with examples of different types of explanations for
Cats are better pets than dogs.
Psychology majors have a better understanding of people than do chemistry majors.

5. Example: Bystander intervention
Kitty Genovese, 28 year old bar manager, stabbed to death in Kew Gardens, NY in 1964
News article: 38 people heard her calls and no one called for police (turns out were some later discovered)
Why didn’t people help?
Bystander apathy
Diffusion of responsibility

6. Differences between common sense and scientific explanations
1. Common sense is often contradictory
2. They both start with observations, but differ in what evidence is required
3. Science is self-correcting
4. Science is objective
5. Science can only “know” things that are testable

7. Differences between common sense and scientific explanations
1. Common sense is often contradictory
2. They both start with observations, but differ in what evidence is required
3. Science is self-correcting
4. Science is objective
5. Science can only “know” things that are testable
Confirmation bias

8. Scientific explanations
Data
Theory
Deduction
Induction

9. Are there any problems with these scientific explanations?
Do sheet